Dynamical mean-field-driven spinor-condensate physics beyond the single-mode approximation
Dynamical mean-field-driven spinor-condensate physics beyond the single-mode approximation
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DOI：
10.1103/physreva.107.053309
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发表时间：
2023-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
J. Jie;S. zhong;Q. Zhang;I. Morgenstern;H. G. Ooi;Q. Guan;A. Bhagat;D. Nematollahi;A. Schwettmann;D. Blume
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文献类型：
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作者：
J. Jie;S. zhong;Q. Zhang;I. Morgenstern;H. G. Ooi;Q. Guan;A. Bhagat;D. Nematollahi;A. Schwettmann;D. Blume
$^{23}$Na自旋-1玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚被用来实验证明，平均场物理超越单模近似可以在非平衡动力学相关。实验观察到的自旋振荡动力学和相关的动力学空间结构形成证实了通过求解一组耦合平均场Gross-Pitaevskii方程而导出的理论预测[J. Jie等人，A 102，023324（2020）]。实验依赖于$f=1$超精细态的微波修整，其中$f$表示$^{23}$Na原子的总角动量。事实上，在平均场水平上，空间平均场动力学，其区分与不同塞曼能级相关联的空间密度分布，可以-在某些参数制度-有一个显着的影响动力学时，自旋愈合长度是可比的或大于大小的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的影响，使用玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚作为模型的量子相变和自旋压缩研究，以及非线性SU（1，1）干涉仪。
$^{23}$Na spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates are used to experimentally demonstrate that mean-field physics beyond the single-mode approximation can be relevant during the non-equilibrium dynamics. The experimentally observed spin oscillation dynamics and associated dynamical spatial structure formation confirm theoretical predictions that are derived by solving a set of coupled mean-field Gross-Pitaevskii equations [J. Jie et al., Phys. Rev. A 102, 023324 (2020)]. The experiments rely on microwave dressing of the $f=1$ hyperfine states, where $f$ denotes the total angular momentum of the $^{23}$Na atom. The fact that beyond single-mode approximation physics at the mean-field level, i.e., spatial mean-field dynamics that distinguishes the spatial density profiles associated with different Zeeman levels, can -- in certain parameter regimes -- have a pronounced effect on the dynamics when the spin healing length is comparable to or larger than the size of the Bose-Einstein condensate has implications for using Bose-Einstein condensates as models for quantum phase transitions and spin squeezing studies as well as for non-linear SU(1,1) interferometers.