Introduction: On figuration in grammar
Introduction: On figuration in grammar
复制标题
引言：论语法中的比喻
DOI：
10.1075/hcp.25.03pan
复制
发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Linda L. Thornburg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Klaus;Linda L. Thornburg
许多语言学家(如果不是大多数的话)会回答这样一个问题：“比喻与语法有什么关系？”他们摇摇头，反驳说“什么都没有”。鉴于语言学家对发现比喻和语法之间的任何联系普遍持怀疑态度，一本关于语法中的转喻和隐喻的书一方面需要足够清晰的语法概念，另一方面需要有足够清晰的比喻概念来证明两者之间的相互作用。在接下来的几节中，我们对比喻如何与语法相关的问题提出了一些答案，特别是关注比喻思维如何在语法中发挥作用。在第二节中，我们首先简要概述了认知语言学的一些主要特征，并将其与其主要竞争对手生成语法进行了对比，生成语法是认知语言学历史上的起点和对立点。在第三节中，我们继续讨论生成和认知语言模型，重点放在这些模型如何看待语法在语言整体结构中的地位。在第四节中，我们建立了一个参照系来分析比喻和语法之间的关系。第五节和第六节提供的数据支持概念隐喻和概念转喻对语法成分的分布特性有促进作用的假设。第七节描述了对本卷的贡献，并尽可能将它们与第四节发展的框架联系起来。第八节结束了这一引言章节，提出了一些未来研究的建议--特别强调了比喻对于语法范畴历时发展的重要性及其与类型学研究的相关性。
Many linguists, if not most, would answer the question “What does figuration have to do with grammar?” by shaking their heads and retorting “Nothing whatsoever”. Given the widespread skepticism of linguists about finding any connections between figuration and grammar, a book on metonymy and metaphor in grammar requires a sufficiently clear conception of grammar, on the one hand, and of figuration, on the other, to make a case for the interaction between the two. In the sections that follow we suggest some answers to the question of how figuration relates to grammar, focusing in particular on how figurative thought might in uence grammar. In Section 2, we start out with a brief overview of some overarching features of cognitive linguistics, contrasting it with its main competitor, generative grammar, from and against which it historically emerged. In Section 3, we continue the discussion of generative and cognitive linguistic models focusing on how these models view the position of grammar in the overall architecture of language. In Section 4, we develop a reference frame for analyzing the relation between figuration and grammar. Sections 5 and 6 present data in support of the hypothesis that conceptual metaphor and conceptual metonymy motivate the distributional properties of grammatical elements. Section 7 characterizes the contributions to the present volume and relates them, where possible, to the framework developed in Section 4. Section 8 closes this introductory chapter with some suggestions for future research–stressing in particular the importance of figuration for the diachronic development of grammatical categories and its relevance to typological studies.