Highly Efficient Mesoscopic Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Based on Donor-Acceptor-Substituted Porphyrins
Highly Efficient Mesoscopic Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Based on Donor-Acceptor-Substituted Porphyrins
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DOI：
10.1002/anie.201002118
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Graetzel, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bessho, Takeru;Zakeeruddin, Shaik M.;Graetzel, Michael
染料敏化太阳能电池（DSC）由于其较高的光电转换效率、易于制造和较低的生产成本而目前引起了广泛的关注。[1]最近许多努力致力于开发适合实际使用的新型高效敏化剂。在所研究的化合物中，钌敏化剂的效率高达 11% 以上。 [2]有机敏化剂也因其成本低廉、易于合成和修饰、摩尔吸收系数大和令人满意的稳定性而引起了人们的极大兴趣。据报道，有机染料的转化效率在 5-10% 范围内。[3-11] 卟啉在可见光区域表现出强烈的吸收和发射以及可调节的氧化还原电位。这些特性在许多领域带来了有前景的应用，例如光电子学、化学传感器和催化。 [12]自组装卟啉分子结构在太阳能研究中发挥着关键作用，因为细菌和植物的光合作用系统含有基于光捕获卟啉的发色团[13]，它收集太阳能并将其有效地转化为化学能。为了阐明控制光诱导电子转移反应的因素，人们设计并合成了各种人工光合作用模型系统。 [14]受天然光合反应中心有效能量转移的启发，许多卟啉[15]和酞菁[16]已被合成并在染料敏化太阳能电池中进行测试。据报道，性能最佳的卟啉染料在 DSC 中的转化效率在 5-7% 范围内。[17]最近报道的一系列带有供体-受体 (D-A) 取代基的卟啉染料表现出有前景的光伏特性。[18]在此，我们报告了通过使用精心定制的卟啉染料 YD-2，在标准（AM 1.5 G，100 mWcm-2 强度）报告条件下实现了 11% 的太阳能-电能转换效率。据我们所知，这是第一次使用不含钌的敏化剂获得如此高的效率。本研究中使用的YD-2卟啉的结构如图1所示。连接到卟啉环上的二芳基氨基供体基团充当电子供体，并且
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) are currently attracting considerable attention because of their high light-to-electricity conversion efficiencies, ease of fabrication, and low production costs.[1] Many recent efforts have been devoted to the development of new and efficient sensitizers that are suitable for practical use. Among the investigated compounds, ruthenium sensitizers have been distinguished by attaining more than 11% efficiencies.[2] Organic sensitizers have also attracted great interest because of their modest cost, ease of synthesis and modification, large molar absorption coefficients, and satisfactory stability. Organic dyes with conversion efficiencies in the range of 5–10% have been reported.[3–11] Porphyrins show strong absorption and emission in the visible region as well as tunable redox potentials. These properties lead to promising applications in many areas, such as optoelectronics, chemosensors, and catalysis.[12] Self-assembled porphyrin molecular structures play a key role in solar energy research as the photosynthetic systems of bacteria and plants contain chromophores based on lightharvesting porphyrins,[13] which collect solar energy and convert it efficiently into chemical energy. Various artificial photosynthetic model systems have been designed and synthesized in order to elucidate the factors that control the photoinduced electron-transfer reaction.[14] Inspired by the efficient energy transfer in naturally occurring photosynthetic reaction centers, numerous porphyrins [15] and phthalocyanines [16] have been synthesized and tested in dye-sensitized solar cells. The best-performing porphyrin dyes have been reported to have conversion efficiencies in DSCs in the range of 5–7%.[17] A recently reported series of porphyrin dyes with donor–acceptor (D–A) substituents exhibit promising photovoltaic properties.[18]Herein we report the achievement of an 11% solar-toelectric power conversion efficiency under standard (AM 1.5 G, 100 mWcmÀ2 intensity) reporting conditions by using a judiciously tailored porphyrin dye, YD-2. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time such a high efficiency has been obtained with a ruthenium-free sensitizer. The structure of the YD-2 porphyrin used in this study is shown in Scheme 1. A diarylamino donor group attached to the porphyrin ring acts as an electron donor, and the