Effects of dietary fatty acids on breast and prostate cancers: evidence from in vitro experiments and animal studies.
Effects of dietary fatty acids on breast and prostate cancers: evidence from in vitro experiments and animal studies.
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DOI：
10.1093/ajcn/66.6.1513s
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发表时间：
1997-12
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. P. Rose
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. P. Rose
亚油酸是一种n-6多不饱和脂肪酸，是正常乳腺组织发育所必需的，至少部分是因为它提供了关键类花生酸生物合成所需的代谢前体。一个类似的要求适用于生长的雌激素非依赖性，但显然不是雌激素依赖性啮齿类动物乳腺癌细胞和人乳腺癌细胞在体外。通过脂氧合酶产物，n-6脂肪酸也调节侵袭性表型的表达。高脂肪，富含亚油酸的饮食促进化学诱导的大鼠乳腺癌发生，病毒诱导的小鼠乳腺肿瘤的发展，以及雌激素非依赖性人乳腺癌细胞在无胸腺裸鼠中的生长和转移。相比之下，饱和脂肪酸对乳腺癌的发生或进展没有明显的影响。大多数机制研究都集中在n-6脂肪酸代谢的环氧合酶和脂氧合酶产物上，并且支持这些类花生酸与生长因子和癌基因之间的相互作用。膳食脂肪酸在前列腺癌中的研究还处于早期阶段，并且由于缺乏令人满意的动物模型而受到阻碍。然而，有迹象表明，n-6脂肪酸在实验性前列腺癌进展中发挥的功能与乳腺癌中描述的功能相似。
Linoleic acid, an n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid, is essential for normal mammary tissue development, at least in part because it provides the metabolic precursor required for the biosynthesis of key eicosanoids. A similar requirement applies to the growth of estrogen-independent but apparently not to estrogen-dependent rodent mammary and human breast carcinoma cells in vitro. By way of lipoxygenase products, n-6 fatty acids also regulate expression of the invasive phenotype. High-fat, linoleic acid-rich diets promote chemically induced rat mammary carcinogenesis, virally induced mouse mammary tumor development, and the growth and metastasis of estrogen-independent human breast cancer cells in athymic nude mice. In contrast, saturated fatty acids have no discernible effects on mammary carcinogenesis or progression. Most mechanistic studies have focused on the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase products of n-6 fatty acid metabolism, and support is accumulating for interactions between these eicosanoids and growth factors and oncogenes. The investigation of dietary fatty acids in prostate cancer is at an early stage and has been handicapped by a lack of satisfactory animal models. However, there are indications that the n-6 fatty acids perform functions in experimental prostate cancer progression similar to those described for breast cancer.