INTRACEREBRAL HUMAN MICRODIALYSIS - IN-VIVO STUDY OF AN ACUTE FOCAL ISCHEMIC MODEL OF THE HUMAN BRAIN
INTRACEREBRAL HUMAN MICRODIALYSIS - IN-VIVO STUDY OF AN ACUTE FOCAL ISCHEMIC MODEL OF THE HUMAN BRAIN
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DOI：
10.1161/01.str.26.5.870
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发表时间：
1995-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
MIYASHITA, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
KANTHAN, R;SHUAIB, A;MIYASHITA, H
背景和目的 体内微透析于 1982 年推出，作为一种研究清醒、自由活动动物脑神经化学的技术。在小动物中，双侧颈动脉闭塞会使细胞外谷氨酸浓度增加 7 至 10 倍。随着再灌注，该值迅速下降。目前认为细胞外谷氨酸的增加是引发神经元损伤的主要因素。谷氨酸拮抗剂目前正在进行急性中风的临床试验。关于正常或缺血大脑中谷氨酸和其他氨基酸的细胞外水平的人类数据是有限的。在本次通讯中，我们希望报告在人脑颞叶模拟缺血模型中通过体内微透析监测的谷氨酸、丝氨酸、谷氨酰胺、甘氨酸、牛磺酸、丙氨酸和γ-氨基丁酸的细胞外浓度。方法对五名因顽固性癫痫接受颞叶切除术的患者进行脑内微透析。手术切除导致被切除大脑的急性（从部分到全部，即从不完全到完全）缺血状态。这是我们研究急性局灶性缺血条件下人细胞外液变化的模型。结果缺血前样品中细胞外谷氨酸浓度为15至30μmol/L。部分（不完全）缺血时该值增加至 380.69+/-42.14 μmol/L，颞极完全隔离（完全缺血）时达到峰值 1781.67+/-292.34 μmol/L（>100 倍）。切除后20分钟，水平降至394.52+/-72.93 μmol/L，丝氨酸、谷氨酰胺、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、牛磺酸和γ-氨基丁酸的透析液水平与缺血发作时观察到类似的趋势。结论我们的结果表明，在人类颞叶模型中，缺血时细胞外谷氨酸和其他神经递质显着增加大脑。这种增加的幅度比小动物更大。
Background and Purpose In vivo microdialysis was introduced in 1982 as a technique to study cerebral neurochemistry in awake, freely moving animals. In small animals, bilateral carotid occlusion produces a 7- to 10-fold increase in extracellular glutamate concentrations. This rapidly falls with reperfusion. Increase in extracellular glutamate is currently believed to be a major factor in initiating neuronal injury. Glutamate antagonists are currently undergoing clinical trials in acute stroke. Human data on the extracellular levels of glutamate and other amino acids in the normal or ischemic brain are limited. In this communication we wish to report the extracellular concentrations of glutamate, serine, glutamine, glycine, taurine, alanine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid, as monitored by in vivo microdialysis, in the simulated ischemic model of the temporal lobe of the human brain.Methods Intracerebral microdialysis was carried out in five patients who underwent resection of the temporal lobe for intractable epilepsy. Surgical excision leads to an acute (from partial to total, ie, from incomplete to complete) ischemic state of the resected brain. This was our model to study the changes in human extracellular fluid during acute focal ischemic conditions.Results Extracellular glutamate concentrations were 15 to 30 mu mol/L in the preischemic samples. This increased to 380.69+/-42.14 mu mol/L with partial (incomplete) ischemia and reached a peak of 1781.67+/-292.34 mu mol/L (>100-fold) with total isolation of the temporal pole (complete ischemia). The levels fell to 394.52+/-72.93 mu mol/L 20 minutes after resection, Similar trends were observed with the onset of ischemia in the dialysate levels of serine, glutamine, glycine, alanine, taurine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid.Conclusions Our results show that there is a significant increase in extracellular glutamate and other neurotransmitters with ischemia in the temporal lobe model of the human brain. This increase is of a higher magnitude than that in small animals.