Aphasic speech with and without SentenceShaper: Two methods for assessing informativeness.
Aphasic speech with and without SentenceShaper: Two methods for assessing informativeness.
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使用和不使用 SentenceShaper 的失语语音：评估信息量的两种方法。
DOI：
10.1080/02687030701800792
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Schwartz,MyrnaF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fink,RuthB;Bartlett,MeganR;Lowery,JenniferS;Linebarger,MarciaC;Schwartz,MyrnaF
背景：SentenceShaper®（SSR）是一个用于语音的计算机程序，就像文字处理程序用于书面文本一样;它允许用户记录单词和短语，回放它们，并在屏幕上操纵它们来构建句子和叙述。最近的一项研究表明，当听众对慢性失语症患者在有或没有该程序的情况下产生的功能性叙述的信息性进行评分时，他们对该程序帮助下产生的语言给出了更高的信息性评分（Bartlett，Fink，Schwartz，& Linebarger，）。Bartlett等人还比较了在获得辅助版本叙述之前和之后产生的无辅助（自发）叙述。在比较的一个子集中，之后创建的样本被认为更具信息性;他们称之为“特定主题的遗留”。的听众认为也揭示了正确的信息单元（CIU）分析（尼古拉斯和布鲁克郡，）-一个很好的研究，客观的方法，用于测量信息和（2）证明有用的CIU分析的样本，这种类型的方法和程序：修改版本的CIU分析被施加到Bartlett等人获得的语音样本。他们要求五名患有慢性失语症的人在三种条件下对两个主题进行功能性叙述：无辅助（“U”），辅助（“SSR”）和后SSR无辅助（“后U”）。在此，分析了这些样本在不同条件下的CIU %差异。结果与结果：（1）证实了SentenceShaper的辅助效果：使用SentenceShaper生成的样本具有较高的CIU %，在大多数情况下超过90%。(2)几乎没有证据表明存在特定主题的遗留问题。(3)CIU措施和听众ratings correlated strongly.Conclusions：CIU的百分比在SSR辅助样本高于unaided样本证实了Bartlett等人的中心发现，基于主观判断，从而扩展了证据，即SentenceShaper的辅助效果在一系列措施，刺激和参与者中是可证明的（cf. Linebarger，Schwartz，Romania，Kohn，& Stephens，）.这些数据也证明了CIU分析的有效性，用于量化失语症语音的信息性差异，并没有SentenceShaper;他们支持先前的研究表明，CIU措施与不熟悉的听众的信息性评级相关。
Background:SentenceShaper®(SSR) is a computer program that is for speech what a word‐processing program is for written text; it allows the user to record words and phrases, play them back, and manipulate them on‐screen to build sentences and narratives. A recent study demonstrated that when listeners rated the informativeness of functional narratives produced by chronic aphasic speakers with and without the program they gave higher informativeness ratings to the language produced with the aid of the program (Bartlett, Fink, Schwartz, & Linebarger, ). Bartlett et al. also compared unaided (spontaneous) narratives produced before and after the aided version of the narrative was obtained. In a subset of comparisons, the sample created after was judged to be more informative; they called this “topic‐specific carryover”.Aims: (1) To determine whether differences in informativeness that Bartlett et al.'s listeners perceived are also revealed by Correct Information Unit (CIU) analysis (Nicholas & Brookshire, )—a well studied, objective method for measuring informativeness—and (2) to demonstrate the usefulness of CIU analysis for samples of this type.Methods & Procedures: A modified version of the CIU analysis was applied to the speech samples obtained by Bartlett et al. . They had asked five individuals with chronic aphasia to create functional narratives on two topics, under three conditions: Unaided (“U”), Aided (“SSR”), & Post‐SSR Unaided (“Post‐U”). Here, these samples were analysed for differences in % CIUs across conditions. Linear associations between listener judgements and CIU measures were evaluated with bivariate correlations and multiple regression analysis.Outcomes & Results: (1) The aided effect was confirmed: samples produced withSentenceShaperhad higher % CIUs, in most cases exceeding 90%. (2) There was little evidence of topic‐specific carryover. (3) CIU measures and listener ratings correlated strongly.Conclusions: That the percentage of CIUs was higher in SSR‐aided samples than in unaided samples confirms the central finding in Bartlett et al. , based on subjective judgements, and thus extends the evidence that aided effects fromSentenceShaperare demonstrable across a range of measures, stimuli and participants (cf. Linebarger, Schwartz, Romania, Kohn, & Stephens, ). The data also attest to the effectiveness of the CIU analysis for quantifying differences in the informativeness of aphasic speech with and withoutSentenceShaper; and they support prior studies that have shown that CIU measures correlate with the informativeness ratings of unfamiliar listeners.