Air pollution by concrete dust from the Great Hanshin Earthquake.
Air pollution by concrete dust from the Great Hanshin Earthquake.
复制标题
阪神大地震造成的混凝土粉尘造成的空气污染。
DOI：
10.2134/jeq2002.7180
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发表时间：
2002
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
K. Hiraki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Gotoh;Takashi Nishimura;M. Nakata;Y. Nakaguchi;K. Hiraki
受1995年1月17日日本兵库阪神大地震影响的地区空气污染相当严重。我们对尘埃进行了三次调查。在第一次调查中，我们测量了2月3日白天几十万人经过的Sannomiya站周围严重受损地区的总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)浓度。5个点的最高浓度达到150微克/立方米。在第二次调查中，将8个样品分为三类(混凝土、砂浆和土尘)作为来源，用X射线荧光对其进行了元素分析。在混凝土粉尘中发现的元素(钙和S)与砂浆粉尘中的元素相似。这些元素不同于土壤粉尘中的元素(钛、铁和锆元素)。从重金属污染的角度来看，土壤灰尘中的元素是重要的。在第三次调查中，通过溶解观察了混凝土粉尘的碱度。这种溶液的pH值为11-12，电导率为20-30微秒/米。我们怀疑，所有受灾地区的废墟粉尘中的碱性成分与大阪大都市阪神地区一年内落下的酸雨可以中和成pH 7.0的水的碱性溶液大致相当。
Air pollution in the areas affected by the Great Hanshin Earthquake (Hyogo, Japan) of 17 Jan. 1995 was quite serious. We performed three investigations of dust. In the first investigation, we measured the total suspended particulate (TSP) concentration in the greatly damaged areas, located around the Sannomiya Station where a few hundred thousand people walked by during the daytime of 3 February. The maximum concentration at five points reached 150 microg/m3. In the second investigation, eight samples, which were classified into three groups (concrete, mortar, and soil dusts) as sources, were analyzed elementally by X-ray fluorescence. The elements found in concrete dust (Ca and S) were similar to those found in mortar dust. These differed from those found in soil dust (Ti, Fe, and Zr). The elements found in soil dust were important from the viewpoint of heavy metal contamination. In the third investigation, the alkalinity of concrete dust was observed by dissolution. This solution was equivalent to pH 11 to 12 and electrical conductivity 20 to 30 microS/m. We suspect that the alkaline component in the dust from debris in all the devastated areas was approximately comparable with the alkaline solution by which the acid rain falling over the Hanshin district of Osaka Megalopolis in one year could be neutralized into water of pH 7.0.