Developing groundwater for secure rural water supplies in Africa
Developing groundwater for secure rural water supplies in Africa
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DOI：
10.1016/j.desal.2008.05.100
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发表时间：
2009-11-15
期刊：
影响因子：
9.9
通讯作者：
Calow, R. C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MacDonald, A. M.;Calow, R. C.
在撒哈拉以南非洲地区，85% 无法获得安全用水的人生活在农村地区，由此产生的贫困和健康状况不佳对妇女和儿童造成了尤为严重的影响。广泛开发地下水是改善农村贫困人口获得安全用水的最经济实惠和可持续的方式，其规模达到实现当前覆盖目标所需的规模。然而，非洲大陆地下水资源差异很大，资源的可持续开发取决于对水文地质的准确了解。为了发展安全供水，必须了解地下水资源的数量、质量和可持续性，以确保在了解资源状况的基础上做出关键决策。社区还必须参与该过程的每个阶段，并被赋予管理和维护资源的权力。当前实现雄心勃勃的覆盖目标的压力可能会导致走捷径，而且尽管建造了许多新的来源，但它们并不安全。
In sub-Saharan Africa 85% of those without access to safe water live in rural areas where the consequent poverty and ill health disproportionately affect women and children. The widespread development of groundwater is the most affordable and sustainable way of improving access to Secure water for the rural poor on the scale required to achieve current coverage targets. However, groundwater resources vary considerably across the continent, and the sustainable development of the resource depends on an accurate understanding of the hydrogeology. To develop Secure water supplies, the quantity, quality and sustainability of groundwater resources must be known to ensure that key decisions are informed by knowledge of resource conditions. Communities must also be involved at every stage of the process and given the authority to manage and maintain sources. There is a danger that the current pressure to achieve ambitious coverage targets will result in short cuts being taken and, although many new sources are constructed, they will not be secure.