Physical exercise, mental health problems, and suicide attempts in university students
Physical exercise, mental health problems, and suicide attempts in university students
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DOI：
10.1186/s12888-020-02583-3
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发表时间：
2020-04-16
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Sivertsen, Borge
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Grasdalsmoen, Michael;Eriksen, Hege Randi;Sivertsen, Borge
背景缺乏身体活动和心理健康问题都是世界范围内主要的公共健康问题。虽然一些研究已经证明了定期体育锻炼的健康益处，但很少有流行病学研究调查了体育锻炼和心理健康不同方面之间的联系，并且对自杀的可能联系知之甚少。研究目的探讨体育锻炼的频率、强度和持续时间与心理健康问题之间的关系，并探讨低水平的体育锻炼是否与大学生的自我伤害和自杀企图有关。我们采用了来自SHoT 2018研究的数据，这是挪威高等教育的全国健康调查，其中有50，054名18-35岁的学生参与。通过三个问题（频率、强度和持续时间）对体育锻炼进行评估。采用评估心理困扰的筛选工具（霍普金斯症状自评量表-25; HSCL-25）和自我报告的抑郁障碍（使用预先定义的条件列表）评估心理健康问题。自杀企图和自我伤害进行了评估，从成人精神病发病率调查的两个项目。结果体育锻炼与心理健康问题和自杀倾向的所有指标呈剂量反应关系。最强的效应量被观察到的体育锻炼的频率。与几乎每天锻炼的女性相比，身体活动水平低的女性在HSCL-25上得分高和自我报告抑郁的几率增加了近三倍。在男性中观察到更强的效应量（OR范围为3.5至4.8）。此外，体育锻炼的持续时间和强度与心理健康问题显着相关，但总体上OR较小。同样，在检查与自我伤害和自杀企图的联系时也观察到了分级关联（OR范围为1.9至2.5）。结论：鉴于不活动与心理健康状况差、自我伤害和自杀企图之间存在剂量-反应关系，有必要促进大学生更多地参加体育活动。这是政治层面和高等教育机构共同承担的责任。该研究的横截面性质意味着人们应该谨慎地对因果关系的方向得出明确的结论。
Background Physical inactivity and mental health problems are both major public health concerns worldwide. Although several studies have demonstrated the health benefits of regular physical exercise, few epidemiological studies have investigated the nature of the association between different aspects of physical exercise and mental health, and little is known regarding the possible link to suicidality. Study aim To examine the association between frequency, intensity, and duration of physical exercise and mental health problems, and to explore whether low levels of physical activity is related to self-harm and suicide attempts among college and university students. Methods We employed data from the SHoT2018-study, a national health survey for higher education in Norway, in which 50,054 students aged 18-35 years participated. Physical exercise was assessed with three questions (frequency, intensity, and duration). Mental health problems were assessed with both a screening tool assessing psychological distress (Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25; HSCL-25) and self-reported depressive disorder (using a pre-defined list of conditions). Suicide attempts and self-harm were assessed with two items from the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey. Results Physical exercise was negatively associated with all measures of mental health problems and suicidality in a dose-response manner. The strongest effect-sizes were observed for frequency of physical exercise. Women with low levels of physical activity had a near three-fold increased odds of both scoring high on the HSCL-25, and self-reported depression, compared to women exercising almost every day. Even stronger effect-sizes were observed for men (ORs ranging from 3.5 to 4.8). Also, physical exercise duration and intensity were significantly associated with mental health problems, but with generally smaller ORs. Similarly, graded associations were also observed when examining the link to self-harm and suicide attempts (ORs ranging from 1.9 to 2.5). Conclusion Given the demonstrated dose-response association between inactivity and both poor mental health, self-harm, and suicidal attempt, there is a need to facilitate college students to become more physically active. This is a shared responsibility that resides both on a political level and on the post-secondary institutions. The cross-sectional nature of the study means that one should be careful to draw firm conclusion about the direction of causality.