Human odour thresholds are tuned to atmospheric chemical lifetimes
Human odour thresholds are tuned to atmospheric chemical lifetimes
复制标题
人类气味阈值根据大气化学寿命进行调整
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Ringsdorf
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jonathan Williams;A. Ringsdorf
在这项研究中，比较了一系列挥发性有机化合物的气味阈值 (OT) 和大气寿命 (AL)。研究发现，通过三角袋法测定的气味阈值与给定化学族的大气寿命有着令人惊讶的良好相关性。相对于主要大气氧化剂 OH，大气寿命短的分子往往更容易被人的鼻子检测到。总体而言，气味阈值与大气寿命的相关性优于与质量和蒸气压的相关性。详细检查了特定化学家族相关性中的几个异常值。例如，二乙酰是酮数据集中的异常值，当包括其更重要的光解寿命时，它符合趋势；同样，硫化羰（OCS）相对较低的气味阈值可以根据植被的吸收来解释。 OT/AL 关系表明 OH 速率常数可用作气味阈值的一阶估计（反之亦然）。我们推测，鼻子对空气中反应性化学物质的高度敏感性可能是一种进化而非后天习得的情况。这是因为脂肪族化合物对臭氧缺乏依赖性，人为排放的芳香族化合物的相关性最差，并且 OCS 的 OT 远低于预测。最后，我们使用导出的 OT/AL 关系来预测尚未确定的气味阈值和速率常数，以便对该假设进行检验。本文是 Theo Murphy 会议问题“人类的嗅觉交流”的一部分。
In this study, the odour thresholds (OT) and atmospheric lifetimes (AL) were compared for a suite of volatile organic compounds. It was found that odour threshold, as determined by the triangle bag method, correlated surprisingly well with atmospheric lifetime for a given chemical family. Molecules with short atmospheric lifetimes with respect to the primary atmospheric oxidant OH tend to be more sensitively detected by the human nose. Overall the correlation of odour threshold with atmospheric lifetime was better than with mass and vapour pressure. Several outliers from the correlations for particular chemical families were examined in detail. For example, diacetyl was an outlier in the ketone dataset that fitted the trend when its more important photolysis lifetime was included; and similarly, the relatively low odour threshold of carbonyl sulfide (OCS) was interpreted in terms of uptake by vegetation. The OT/AL relationship suggests that OH rate constants can be used as a first-order estimate for odour thresholds (and vice versa). We speculate that the nose's high sensitivity to chemicals that are reactive in the air is likely an evolved rather than a learned condition. This is based on the lack of dependence on ozone in the aliphatics, that the anthropogenically emitted aromatic compounds had the worst correlation, and that OCS had a much lower than predicted OT. Finally, we use the OT/AL relationships derived to predict odour thresholds and rate constants that have not yet been determined in order to provide a test to this hypothesis. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Olfactory communication in humans’.
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Dalton, P
通讯作者：
Dalton, P
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Nevo O;Heymann EW;Schulz S;Ayasse M
通讯作者：
Ayasse M