Update on the assessment of magnesium status
Update on the assessment of magnesium status
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DOI：
10.1017/s000711450800682x
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发表时间：
2008-06-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Arnaud, Maurice J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Arnaud, Maurice J.
镁（Mg）是体内第四丰富的矿物质，也是细胞内最丰富的二价阳离子，在许多生理功能中具有重要作用。因此，镁状态的评估对于与慢性缺乏相关的疾病的研究是重要的。尽管有大量的研究活动，但仍然没有简单、快速和准确的实验室测试来确定人体的总体镁状态。然而，血清Mg < 0-75 mmol/l对于严重缺乏是有用的测量，并且对于0.75和0.85 mmol/l之间的值，负荷试验可以识别缺乏的受试者。负荷试验似乎是镁状态的金标准，但不适合口服给药时肾和肠功能紊乱的患者。还需要就标准化方案达成共识，以便比较不同临床单位获得的结果。其他细胞镁测量，如总镁或离子镁，经常不一致，需要更多的研究和系统的评估。肌肉镁似乎是一个很好的标志物，但活组织检查限制了它的用处，就像骨镁一样，骨镁是最重要但不均匀的镁室。核磁共振（NMR）等新的非侵入性技术的发展可能为常规分析组织中的离子镁提供有价值的工具。随着分子遗传学技术的发展，瞬时受体电位Melastatin通道的发现为敏感、快速地评价人体镁代谢状态提供了新的可能性。
Magnesium (Mg) is the fourth most abundant mineral in the body and the most abundant intracellular divalent cation, with essential roles in many physiological functions. Consequently, the assessment of Mg status is important for the study of diseases associated with chronic deficiency. In spite of intense research activities there is still no simple, rapid, and accurate laboratory test to determine total body Mg status in humans. However, serum Mg < 0-75 mmol/l is a useful measurement for severe deficiency, and for values between 0.75 and 0.85 mmol/l a loading test can identify deficient subjects. The loading test seems to be the gold standard for Mg status, but is unsuitable in patients with disturbed kidney and intestinal functions when administered orally. There is also a need to reach a consensus on a standardized protocol in order to compare results obtained in different clinical units. Other cellular Mg measurements, such as total or ionized Mg, frequently disagree and more research and systematic evaluations are needed. Muscle Mg appears to be a good marker, but biopsies limit its usefulness, as is the case with bone Mg, the most important but heterogeneous Mg compartment. The development of new and non invasive techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) may provide valuable tools for routinely analysing ionized Mg in tissues. With the development of molecular genetics techniques, the recent discovery of Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin channels offers new possibilities for the sensitive and rapid evaluation of Mg status in humans.