Impact of Marcellus Shale natural gas development in southwest Pennsylvania on volatile organic compound emissions and regional air quality.
Impact of Marcellus Shale natural gas development in southwest Pennsylvania on volatile organic compound emissions and regional air quality.
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DOI：
10.1021/es504315f
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发表时间：
2015-02
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
R. Swarthout;R. Russo;Yong Zhou;Brandon M Miller;Brittney S. Mitchell;Emily Horsman;Eric M. Lipsky;D. Mccabe;E. Baum;B. Sive
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文献类型：
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作者：
R. Swarthout;R. Russo;Yong Zhou;Brandon M Miller;Brittney S. Mitchell;Emily Horsman;Eric M. Lipsky;D. Mccabe;E. Baum;B. Sive
马塞勒斯页岩是美国最大的天然气存款，这种资源的快速开发引起了对区域空气污染的担忧。在宾夕法尼亚州西南部的马塞勒斯页岩地区进行了一次实地活动，以调查非常规天然气（UNG）生产作业对区域空气质量的影响。在匹兹堡周围8050 km（2）的网格中收集了整个空气样本，并分析了甲烷，二氧化碳和C1-C10挥发性有机化合物（VOC）。在UNG威尔斯井密度最高的地区，观察到甲烷和C2-C8烷烃的混合比升高。利用源解析法确定UNG源的特征排放比，结果表明UNG排放占C2-C8烷烃混合比的大部分，但占烯烃和芳香族化合物混合比的一小部分。UNG操作的VOC排放占非生物源VOC的区域动力学羟基自由基反应性的17 ± 19%，表明天然气排放可能影响符合联邦臭氧标准。研究区域甲烷排放量的第一近似值为10.0 ± 5.2 kg s（-1），为确定监管排放控制工作的有效性提供了基线。
The Marcellus Shale is the largest natural gas deposit in the U.S. and rapid development of this resource has raised concerns about regional air pollution. A field campaign was conducted in the southwestern Pennsylvania region of the Marcellus Shale to investigate the impact of unconventional natural gas (UNG) production operations on regional air quality. Whole air samples were collected throughout an 8050 km(2) grid surrounding Pittsburgh and analyzed for methane, carbon dioxide, and C1-C10 volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Elevated mixing ratios of methane and C2-C8 alkanes were observed in areas with the highest density of UNG wells. Source apportionment was used to identify characteristic emission ratios for UNG sources, and results indicated that UNG emissions were responsible for the majority of mixing ratios of C2-C8 alkanes, but accounted for a small proportion of alkene and aromatic compounds. The VOC emissions from UNG operations accounted for 17 ± 19% of the regional kinetic hydroxyl radical reactivity of nonbiogenic VOCs suggesting that natural gas emissions may affect compliance with federal ozone standards. A first approximation of methane emissions from the study area of 10.0 ± 5.2 kg s(-1) provides a baseline for determining the efficacy of regulatory emission control efforts.