ACCUMULATION OF MUTATIONS IN SEXUAL AND ASEXUAL POPULATIONS
ACCUMULATION OF MUTATIONS IN SEXUAL AND ASEXUAL POPULATIONS
复制标题
DOI：
10.1017/s0016672300026938
复制
发表时间：
1987-04-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
LI, WH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
PAMILO, P;NEI, M;LI, WH
基因组中有益和有害突变的积累是通过使用分析方法以及计算机模拟不同的繁殖模式来研究的。研究的繁殖模式是双亲（两性，雌雄同体），单亲（自交，自花受精，无性）和混合（部分自交，雌雄同体和孤雌生殖的混合）。它表明，有益的和有害的突变与弱选择的积累率取决于每个基因组的突变基因的数量的种群内方差。中性突变基因的两性，自交和无性群体的分析公式推导出此方差的中性方差是最大的自交群体和最小的无性群体。定向选择在大多数情况下降低了群体方差，而重组部分地恢复了降低的方差。因此，双亲生物以最高的速率积累有益的突变，以最低的速率积累有害的突变。自交生物是介于双亲生物和无性生物之间的生物。即使在大量自交和孤雌生殖的生物中，有限量的异交也会显著影响积累速率。突变的积累可能只会在长期进化中影响平均种群适应度。
The accumulation of beneficial and harmful mutations in a genome is studied by using analytical methods as well as computer simulation for different modes of reproduction. The modes of reproduction examined are biparental (bisexual, hermaphroditic), uniparental (selfing, automictic, asexual) and mixed (partial selfing, mixture of hermaphroditism and parthenogenesis). It is shown that the rates of accumulation of both beneficial and harmful mutations with weak selection depend on the within-population variance of the number of mutant genes per genome. Analytical formulae for this variance are derived for neutral mutant genes for hermaphroditic, selfing and asexual populations; the neutral variance is largest in a selfing population and smallest in an asexual population. Directional selection reduces the population variance in most cases, whereas recombination partially restores the reduced variance. Therefore, biparental organisms accumulate beneficial mutations at the highest rate and harmful mutations at the lowest rate. Selfing organisms are intermediate between biparental and asexual organisms. Even a limited amount of outcrossing in largely selfing and parthenogenetic organisms markedly affects the accumulation rates. The accumulation of mutations is likely to affect the mean population fitness only in long-term evolution.