Pleistocene phylogeographic effects on avian populations and the speciation process
Pleistocene phylogeographic effects on avian populations and the speciation process
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.1998.0317
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发表时间：
1998-03-22
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Walker, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Avise, JC;Walker, D
更新世地理事件在传统上被认为在促进物种形成和塑造当今脊椎动物类群的多样性和分布方面发挥了重要作用。然而，这一范式最近受到挑战，从鸟类种间mtDNA遗传距离的审查：大多数姐妹种的分离日期上新世。在这里，我们总结了鸟类种内线粒体DNA多态性的地理格局的文献，并重新解释更新世的影响轴承的分子证据。调查的63种鸟类中至少有37种（59%）被划分为可识别的地理单元，其中28种（76%）的分离追溯到更新世。此外，使用内物种的最小估计的“物种形成持续时间”的ESTA组分离时间也表明，许多长期的物种形成，单独考虑，可能通过时间从上新世起源到更新世完成。当鸟类物种形成被视为一个扩展的时间过程，而不是作为一个点事件，更新世的条件似乎发挥了积极的作用，在启动主要的跨地理分离的物种，并在完成物种形成，已经就职较早。与其他地质时代相比，更新世在这些方面是否是例外仍有待确定。
Pleistocene biogeographic events have traditionally been ascribed a major role in promoting speciations and in sculpting the present-day diversity and distributions of vertebrate taxa. However, this paradigm has recently come under challenge from a review of interspecific mtDNA genetic distances in birds: most sister-species separations dated to the Pliocene. Here we summarize the literature on intraspecific mtDNA phylogeographic patterns in birds and reinterpret the molecular evidence bearing on Pleistocene influences. At least 37 of the 63 avian species surveyed (59%) are sundered into recognizable phylogeographic units, and 28 of these separations (76%) trace to the Pleistocene. Furthermore, use of phylogroup separation times within species as minimum estimates of 'speciation durations' also indicates that many protracted speciations, considered individually, probably extended through time from Pliocene origins to Pleistocene completions. When avian speciation is viewed properly as an extended temporal process rather than as a point event, Pleistocene conditions appear to have played an active role both in initiating major phylogeographic separations within species, and in completing speciations that had been inaugurated earlier. Whether the Pleistocene was exceptional in these regards compared with other geological times remains to be determined.