Fluid Inclusion Evidence of Coseismic Fluid Flow Induced by Dynamic Rupture
Fluid Inclusion Evidence of Coseismic Fluid Flow Induced by Dynamic Rupture
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动态破裂引起的同震流体流动的流体包裹体证据
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Gomila
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Mitchell;J. Cembrano;Kazuna Fujita;K. Hoshino;D. Faulkner;P. Pérez;G. Arancibia;M. Rempe;R. Gomila
地震周期与断层带中流体迁移之间的密切相互作用是众所周知的[考克斯，2002;福克纳和阿米蒂奇，2013;努尔和布克，1972;西布森，1987]。在一个主断层上的滑动事件期间，垂直于瞬时延伸方向的预先存在的和/或新产生的裂缝将是流体压力突然显著降低的部位。同震断裂网络可以以两种方式起作用。它可能只是将流体驱入伸展裂缝，持续到内部流体压力与上地壳典型的环境流体静压力重新建立平衡（例如抽吸泵机制或渗透扩散效应[努尔和布克，1972年]）。或者，如果同震裂缝破坏了超压储层周围的低渗透性密封，它可能会促进先前捕获的高压流体的大同震流量（“断层阀作用”过程，Sibson [1990]）。作为流体流动的直接结果的孔隙压力的随后重新分布可以降低断层强度并触发地震[米勒等人，2004;努尔和布克，1972]。在某些条件下，这些机制可能导致热液矿物沉淀，这些沉淀是由沸腾、与冷大气沃茨混合和/或水合反应等过程触发的[Coombs，1993; Sibson，1987; Weatherley和Henley，2013]。这种动态流体流动被认为是动态破裂引起同震流体流动的流体包裹体证据
The close interplay between the earthquake cycle and fluid migration in fault zones is well known [Cox, 2002; Faulkner and Armitage, 2013; Nur and Booker, 1972; Sibson, 1987]. During a slip event on one master fault, preexisting and/or newly created fractures perpendicular to the instantaneous extension direction will be sites of a sudden, significant decrease in fluid pressure. The coseismic fracture network can then act in two ways. It may simply drive fluids into the extension fractures, lasting until internal fluid pressures reestablish equilibrium with the environmental hydrostatic pressures typical of upper crustal levels (such as the suction pump mechanism or dilatancy‐diffusion effects [Nur and Booker, 1972]). Alternatively, if the coseismic fracture damage breached a low‐permeability seal around an overpressured reservoir, it may promote large coseismic flux of previously trapped high‐pressure fluids (the “fault valving” process, Sibson [1990]). Subsequent redistribution of pore pressure as a direct result of fluid flow can reduce fault strength and trigger earthquakes [Miller et al., 2004; Nur and Booker, 1972]. Under certain conditions, these mechanisms can result in the precipitation of hydrothermal minerals triggered by processes such as boiling, mixing with cold meteoric waters, and/or hydration reactions [Coombs, 1993; Sibson, 1987; Weatherley and Henley, 2013]. Such dynamically induced fluid flow is thought to Fluid Inclusion Evidence of Coseismic Fluid Flow Induced by Dynamic Rupture