Tungsten-chromium coatings on reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steels prepared by laser melting deposition process
Tungsten-chromium coatings on reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steels prepared by laser melting deposition process
复制标题
激光熔化沉积工艺在低活化铁素体/马氏体钢上制备钨铬涂层
DOI：
10.1016/j.jnucmat.2020.152573
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Le G. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wu B. D.;Liu X.;Li J. F.;Zhou Y. Z.;Yang X. S.;Huang X. F.;Le G. M.
考虑到失水事故，钨铬合金是未来聚变反应堆中最有希望的面向等离子体的材料。采用激光熔融沉积(LMD)添加剂制造技术在低活化铁素体/马氏体钢(RAFM)上沉积了90W-10Cr涂层。结果表明，涂层与RAFM钢具有良好的冶金结合性能。由于基体的稀释作用，W-钢接头的成分、组织和相沿沉积方向发生了梯度转变，这有利于降低W-钢接头的热应力。采用不同工艺参数制备的涂层均存在气孔和裂纹。低和高输入能量密度都可能导致气孔形成，这是由于未熔合、输送气体残留和低熔点元素蒸发的综合影响。裂纹是由LMD过程中的内应力和结合基质的熔解驱动的。Fe7W6金属间化合物主要形成于W-钢连接界面附近，呈弥散分布，或弥散分布在基体中，或弥散分布在弥散分布的W颗粒周围。涂层的顶部和中顶部区域具有独特的显微组织，W颗粒嵌入在铬铁基基体中，在反应堆和LOCA的运行中都具有可靠的性能。
Tungsten-chromium alloys are promising plasma facing materials in future fusion reactors considering the loss of coolant accident (LOCA). A laser melting deposition (LMD) additive manufacturing technique has been used in this study to deposit 90W-10Cr coatings on reduced activation ferritic/martensitic (RAFM) steels. The results show that the coatings have metallurgical bonding with the RAFM steel substrates. The W-steel joint have graded transitions of compositions, microstructures, and phases along the deposition direction due to the dilution effects of the substrates, which are beneficial to reduce thermal stresses of W-steel joints. Pores and cracks are seen in the coatings prepared using different process parameters. Low and high input energy densities can both lead to pore formations due to the combined effects of lack of fusion, residual of delivered gas, and evaporations of low melting point elements. Cracking is driven by the internal stress during LMD process and liquation of binding matrix. Fe7W6intermetallics are mainly formed near the bonding boundaries of W-steel joint, showing a dispersed distribution either scattered in the matrix or surrounding the scattered W particles. The top and mid-top regions of coatings have unique microstructures showing W particles embedded in Cr-Fe based matrix, which are supposed to have reliable performance both during the operations of reactors and the LOCA.
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