Identifying Diagnostic Genetic Markers for a Cryptic Invasive Agricultural Pest: A Test Case Using the Apple Maggot Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Identifying Diagnostic Genetic Markers for a Cryptic Invasive Agricultural Pest: A Test Case Using the Apple Maggot Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae)
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DOI：
10.1093/aesa/saz069
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发表时间：
2020-07-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Feder, Jeffrey L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Doellman, Meredith M.;Hood, Glen R.;Feder, Jeffrey L.
美国约有15%的农作物被害虫破坏，每年造成的损失高达150亿美元。因此，开发廉价、快速和可靠的方法来检测有害物种对于减少虫害和减少经济影响至关重要。苹果蛆（Rhagoletis pomonella）是一种主要的入侵害虫，威胁着美国太平洋西北部数十亿美元的苹果产业。该蝇也与一种良性但形态相似且遗传上密切相关的物种R。一种攻击非商业性雪莓的病毒。由于水果出口的苹果蛆零侵扰政策，非纳米比亚物种识别至关重要。米斯塔京河R. pomonella引发不必要的和昂贵的抑制剂，转移了宝贵的控制资源。在这里，我们开发并应用了一种相对简单且具有成本效益的诊断方法，该方法使用Illumina双消化限制性位点相关DNA标记测序。我们确定了五个信息单核苷酸多态性（SNPs），并设计了一个诊断测试的基础上限制性内切酶消化的聚合酶链反应扩增产物（RFLPs）的琼脂糖凝胶电泳来区分苍蝇物种。我们证明了这种方法的实用性，立即，1-D物种识别的评分苹果和snowberry侵扰苍蝇从已知的主机，饲养的水果收集在整个华盛顿。然而，如果不需要立即诊断，或者必须评估数百至数千个样本，则直接基于Illumina的测序策略（类似于此处用于诊断SNP鉴定的策略）可能是强大且具有成本效益的。我们提出的基因组策略是有效的。苹果蠹蛾也可转移到许多隐蔽的害虫上。
Insect pests destroy similar to 15% of all U.S. crops, resulting in losses of $15 billion annually.Thus, developing cheap, quick, and reliable methods for detecting harmful species is critical to curtail insect damage and lessen economic impact.The apple maggot fly, Rhagoletis pomonella, is a major invasive pest threatening the multibillion-dollar apple industry in the Pacific Northwest United States. The fly is also sympatric with a benign but morphologically similar and genetically closely related species, R. zephyria, which attacks noncommercial snowberry. Unambiguous species identification is essential due to a zero-infestation policy of apple maggot for fruit export. Mistaking R. zephyria for R. pomonella triggers unnecessary and costly quarantines, diverting valuable control resources. Here we develop and apply a relatively simple and cost-effective diagnostic approach using Illumina sequencing of double-digest restriction site-associated DNA markers. We identified five informative single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and designed a diagnostic test based on agarose gel electrophoresis of restriction enzyme-digested polymerase chain reaction amplification products (RFLPs) to distinguish fly species. We demonstrated the utility of this approach for immediate, 1-d species identification by scoring apple- and snowberry-infesting flies from known hosts, reared from fruit collected at 11 sites throughout Washington. However, if immediate diagnosis is not required, or hundreds to thousands of specimens must be assessed, then a direct Illumina-based sequencing strategy, similar to that used here for diagnostic SNP identification, can be powerful and cost-effective. The genomic strategy we present is effective for R. pomonella and also transferable to many cryptic pests.