Oxytocin and Anxiety Disorders.
Oxytocin and Anxiety Disorders.
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DOI：
10.1007/7854_2017_25
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Domschke, Katharina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gottschalk, Michael G;Domschke, Katharina
在本章中，我们回顾了以催产素（OT）为中心的焦虑谱研究的文献，包括分离焦虑症，特定恐惧症，社交焦虑症（SAD），惊恐障碍，广泛性焦虑症和焦虑相关的内在表型（例如，信任行为、行为抑制、神经质和状态/特质焦虑）。OT受体基因（OXTR）多态性与依恋类型和儿童期虐待的基因-环境相互作用有关，并影响临床结局，包括SAD强度和边缘系统反应性。表观遗传OXTR DNA甲基化模式已成为分类、维度、神经内分泌和神经影像学SAD相关性之间的联系，突出显示它们是中枢催产素能张力的潜在外周替代物。OT的病理生理学框架整合的动态性质的表观遗传生物标志物和总结的遗传和外周的证据。最后，我们强调OT作为社会互动和恐惧学习的关键网络节点在社会背景下的机遇和挑战。结合多层次的调查，纳入维度的理解，社会关系和回避焦虑谱系障碍，这些概念将有助于促进研究诊断，状态和治疗反应的生物标志物的OT系统，向指示的预防性干预和个性化的治疗方法。
In the present chapter, we review the literature focusing on oxytocin (OT)-centered research in anxiety spectrum conditions, comprising separation anxiety disorder, specific phobias, social anxiety disorder (SAD), panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and anxiety-related endophenotypes (e.g., trust behavior, behavioral inhibition, neuroticism, and state/trait anxiety). OT receptor gene (OXTR) polymorphisms have been implicated in gene-environment interactions with attachment style and childhood maltreatment and to influence clinical outcomes, including SAD intensity and limbic responsiveness. Epigenetic OXTR DNA methylation patterns have emerged as a link between categorical, dimensional, neuroendocrinological, and neuroimaging SAD correlates, highlighting them as potential peripheral surrogates of the central oxytocinergic tone. A pathophysiological framework of OT integrating the dynamic nature of epigenetic biomarkers and the summarized genetic and peripheral evidence is proposed. Finally, we emphasize opportunities and challenges of OT as a key network node of social interaction and fear learning in social contexts. In conjunction with multi-level investigations incorporating a dimensional understanding of social affiliation and avoidance in anxiety spectrum disorders, these concepts will help to promote research for diagnostic, state, and treatment response biomarkers of the OT system, advancing towards indicated preventive interventions and personalized treatment approaches.