Flight control in the hawkmoth Manduca sexta:: the inverse problem of hovering
Flight control in the hawkmoth Manduca sexta:: the inverse problem of hovering
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DOI：
10.1242/jeb.02363
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发表时间：
2006-08-15
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Daniel, T. L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hedrick, T. L.;Daniel, T. L.
悬停飞行的反问题，即适合在固定位置和方向上持续飞行的翅膀运动范围，通过对Manduca sexta的模拟进行了研究。当一个人在寻找实现指定模型结果所需的参数时，就会出现反问题。相反，正向问题探索给定一组特定输入参数的结果。该仿真与一种微遗传算法相结合，该算法找到由10个独立运动学参数编码的特定翅膀和身体运动序列，能够生成悬停飞行的固定身体位置和方向特征。此外，我们探讨了限制自由运动参数数量的后果，并利用这些信息来评估单个参数及其各种组合对飞行控制的重要性。将模拟飞蛾的输出与真实飞蛾悬停飞行的运动学记录进行比较；真实的和模拟的飞蛾在位置和方向的变化范围方面表现相似。模拟飞蛾还使用了与真实飞蛾相似的平均翅拍运动学（振幅、冲程平面方向等）。然而，许多不同的可用运动学子集足以用于悬停飞行，并且来自真实飞蛾的可用运动学数据不包括足够的细节来评估其中哪一个与真实飞蛾一致，如果有的话。这个一般的结果，即可能的悬停运动学的多样性，表明Manduca sexta实际保持位置和方向的手段可能有相当大的自由度，因此可能受到悬停飞行的物理和空气动力学要求之外的许多其他因素的影响。
The inverse problem of hovering flight, that is, the range of wing movements appropriate for sustained flight at a fixed position and orientation, was examined by developing a simulation of the hawkmoth Manduca sexta. Inverse problems arise when one is seeking the parameters that are required to achieve a specified model outcome. In contrast, forward problems explore the outcomes given a specified set of input parameters. The simulation was coupled to a microgenetic algorithm that found specific sequences of wing and body motions, encoded by ten independent kinematic parameters, capable of generating the fixed body position and orientation characteristic of hovering flight. Additionally, we explored the consequences of restricting the number of free kinematic parameters and used this information to assess the importance to flight control of individual parameters and various combinations of them.Output from the simulated moth was compared to kinematic recordings of hovering flight in real hawkmoths; the real and simulated moths performed similarly with respect to their range of variation in position and orientation. The simulated moth also used average wingbeat kinematics ( amplitude, stroke plane orientation, etc) similar to those of the real moths. However, many different subsets of the available kinematic were sufficient for hovering flight and available kinematic data from real moths does not include sufficient detail to assess which, if any, of these was consistent with the real moth.This general result, the multiplicity of possible hovering kinematics, shows that the means by which Manduca sexta actually maintains position and orientation may have considerable freedom and therefore may be influenced by many other factors beyond the physical and aerodynamic requirements of hovering flight.