Austral Hepaticae. 35. A Taxonomic and Phylogenetic Study of Telaranea (Lepidoziaceae), with a Monograph of the Genus in Temperate Australasia and Commentary on Extra-Australasian Taxa
Austral Hepaticae. 35. A Taxonomic and Phylogenetic Study of Telaranea (Lepidoziaceae), with a Monograph of the Genus in Temperate Australasia and Commentary on Extra-Australasian Taxa
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南肝科。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. L. Smith Merrill
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Engel;G. L. Smith Merrill
摘要Telaranea是鳞翅目第三大属，仅次于Bazzania（450余种）和Lepidozia（300余种）。在这本专著中，有98种Telaranea被确认，其中62种是澳大利亚以外的。包括11个新种、2个新变种、27个新组合（25个种和1个变种）和1个新名称。新的分类群充分描述和说明。两个亚属的Telaranea被确认（subg。肢端鳞屑亚群Telaranea）和亚属内7个组。Telaranea（sect. & J. Tayl.）恩格尔-梅尔公司组合11月，Engel & Merr.，蜡树组sect. nov.，毛鳞藓组（Sect. Tricholepidozia（Schust.）恩格尔-梅尔公司组合11月，Sect. Transmune Engel & Merr.，Telaranea组、细叶组（Sect. Tenuifoliae（Schust.）恩格尔-梅尔公司comb. nov.）。这项工作的一个主要部分是致力于Telaranea属的系统发育研究，讨论属的字符进化和重建祖先的字符状态。一个祖先的地区分析也进行了，使用遗传学追溯属的成员的地理历史。不同的概念，应用于叶肝的hepatogeny也简要考虑。系统发育分析包括56个分类群和32个性状，代表种为鳞鳞藻属、库尔兹属和拟蛛形纲。从简约分析的完整数据集和子集的类群，以及距离（NJ）树，得到的分支图，在拓扑结构上惊人的相似。Telaranea的单系性是由拥有透明皮（扩大，通常是透明的干皮层细胞）和不分裂的第一分支下叶支持。逐步减少形态复杂性作为一个中央的属的进化趋势是有力的支持。系统发育表明，Kurzia（根据Microlepidozia类型分支的存在来定义）是多系的，并且之前分配给Kurzia的6个物种被转移到Telaranea。没有发现支持维持Arachniopsis作为一个独立的属，和6种属被转移到Telaranea。文章题目拟Amazoopsis一新属。描述了3个种：A.倍足纲（Pócs）Engel & Merr.组合11月，A.云杉组合11月，和A.细叶藓sp. nov.单带拟单带单带拟单带单带舒斯特讨论;属包括M.单指云杉和M.最小值来自Engel & Merr.，新种Paracromastigum vastilobum（Steph.）恩格尔-梅尔公司是一个新的组合。包括了Telaranea的亚属和组的检索表，澳大利亚种，以及Telaranea的南美洲南部种，以及Telaranea的细叶组种。
Abstract Telaranea is the third largest genus of Lepidoziaceae, after Bazzania (over 450 species) and Lepidozia (over 300 species). In this monograph, 98 species of Telaranea are recognized, 62 of which are extra-Australasian. Included are 11 new species, 2 new varieties, 27 new combinations (25 species and one variety), and one new name. New taxa are fully described and illustrated. Two subgenera of Telaranea are recognized (subg. Acrolepidozia, subg. Telaranea), and 7 sections within subg. Telaranea (sect. Neolepidozia (Fulf. & J. Tayl.) Engel & Merr. comb. nov., sect. Cancellatae Engel & Merr., sect. Ceraceae Engel & Merr. sect. nov., sect. Tricholepidozia (Schust.) Engel & Merr. comb. nov., sect. Transversae Engel & Merr., sect. Telaranea, sect. Tenuifoliae (Schust.) Engel & Merr. comb. nov.). A major part of this work is devoted to a phylogenetic study of the genus Telaranea, with a discussion of character evolution in the genus and a reconstruction of ancestral character states. An ancestral area analysis was also undertaken, using phylogeny to trace the geographical history of members of the genus. Differing concepts of phylogeny as applied to leafy hepatics are also briefly considered. The phylogenetic analysis included 56 taxa and 32 characters, with representative species of Lepidozia, Kurzia, and Arachniopsis as out-groups. Cladograms obtained from parsimony analyses of the full data set and subsets of taxa, as well as distance (NJ) trees, were strikingly similar in topology. Monophyly of Telaranea is supported by the possession of a hyaloderm (enlarged, usually hyaline stem cortical cells) and an undivided first branch underleaf. Progressive reduction in morphological complexity as a central evolutionary tendency in the genus is strongly supported. The phylogeny indicates that Kurzia, as defined by the presence of Microlepidozia-type branching, is polyphyletic, and 6 species previously assigned to Kurzia are transferred to Telaranea. No support was found for maintaining Arachniopsis as a distinct genus, and 6 species of the genus are transferred to Telaranea. The new genus Amazoopsis Engel & Merr. is described, with 3 species: A. diplopoda (Pócs) Engel & Merr. comb. nov., A. dissotricha (Spruce) Engel & Merr. comb. nov., and A. gracilis Engel & Merr. sp. nov. The status of Monodactylopsis (Schust.) Schust. is discussed; the genus includes M. monodactyla (Spruce) Schust. and M. minima Schust. ex Engel & Merr., sp. nov. Paracromastigum vastilobum (Steph.) Engel & Merr. is a new combination. Keys to the subgenera and sections of Telaranea, the Australasian species, as well as the southern South American species of Telaranea, and the species of Telaranea sect. Tenuifoliae are included.