Ecotoxicology of crocodilians.
Ecotoxicology of crocodilians.
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DOI：
10.1163/157075403766451225
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Campbell, Kym Rouse
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Campbell, Kym Rouse
所有种类的鳄鱼都是长寿的顶级食肉动物，是水生、湿地和海洋/河口生态系统的组成部分。然而，它们往往被排除在环境污染和生态风险评估的研究之外。对现有的有机（包括内分泌干扰物）、无机和放射性核素污染物对鳄鱼的积累和影响研究进行了回顾和总结，以促进对现有数据的利用，揭示主要信息差距，促进将鳄鱼纳入环境污染研究和生态风险评估，鼓励进一步的生态毒理学研究，并协助制定未来的研究重点。世界上23种鳄鱼中有一半以上没有环境污染研究。关于环境污染物及其对鳄鱼的积累和影响的大部分可用信息（几乎占已审查研究的70%）都是关于美洲鳄（短吻鳄）的，这是关于内分泌干扰污染物（EDCs）对居住在佛罗里达州阿普卡湖的短吻鳄种群影响的大量研究以及关于美国东南部汞污染的许多研究的结果。被认为是该地区最严重的环境威胁。除了对EDCs对阿普卡湖短吻鳄影响的广泛研究外，对环境污染物对鳄鱼的影响的研究还很缺乏。综述表明，EDCs对鳄鱼的影响不仅局限于Apopka湖，而且可能发生在世界许多地方的鳄鱼中，特别是在广泛使用有机氯农药的热带发展中地区。对于无机污染物，确定汞对鳄鱼的影响应该是最高的研究重点。
All species of crocodilians are long-lived, top-level carnivores that are integral components of aquatic, wetland, and marine/estuarine ecosystems. However, they are often excluded from studies on environmental contamination and ecological risk assessments. Available organic (including endocrine disrupters), inorganic, and radionuclide contaminant accumulation and effects studies for crocodilians were reviewed and summarized to facilitate the use of existing data, reveal the primary information gaps, promote the inclusion of crocodilians in environmental contamination studies and ecological risk assessments, encourage further ecotoxicologicalstudies, and assist in the development of future research priorities. Environmental contamination studies were not available for more than half of the world’s 23 crocodilian species. The majority of information available (almost 70% of reviewed studies) concerning environmental contaminants and their accumulation and effects on crocodilians was for the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) as a result of the considerable research effort on the effects of endocrine-disruptingcontaminants (EDCs) on the alligator population inhabiting Lake Apopka, Florida and the many studies concerning mercury contamination in the southeastern United States, considered to be the most serious environmental threat to that area. With the exception of the extensive research on the effects of EDCs on Lake Apopka’s alligators, research on the effects of environmental contaminants on crocodilians is lacking. The review indicated that the effects of EDCs on crocodilians are not confi ned to Lake Apopka and may occur in crocodilians in many parts of the world, especially in developing tropical areas where organochlorine pesticides are used extensively. For inorganic contaminants, determining the effects of mercury on crocodilians should be the highest research priority.