The Bacterial Cell Envelope
The Bacterial Cell Envelope
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DOI：
10.1101/cshperspect.a000414
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发表时间：
2010-05-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Walker, Suzanne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Silhavy, Thomas J.;Kahne, Daniel;Walker, Suzanne
细菌的细胞包膜是一个复杂的多层结构，用于保护这些生物免受不可预测的和经常是敌对的环境的影响。大多数细菌的细胞包膜可分为两大类。革兰氏阴性菌被一层薄薄的肽聚糖细胞壁包围，而肽聚糖细胞壁本身又被一层含有脂多糖的外膜包围。革兰氏阳性菌没有外膜，但被肽聚糖层包围，比革兰氏阴性菌厚许多倍。穿过这些肽聚糖层的是长阴离子聚合物，称为天冬酸。讨论了这些包膜层的组成和组织以及最近对细胞包膜组装机制的见解。
The bacteria cell envelope is a complex multilayered structure that serves to protect these organisms from their unpredictable and often hostile environment. The cell envelopes of most bacteria fall into one of two major groups. Gram-negative bacteria are surrounded by a thin peptidoglycan cell wall, which itself is surrounded by an outer membrane containing lipopolysaccharide. Gram-positive bacteria lack an outer membrane but are surrounded by layers of peptidoglycan many times thicker than is found in the Gram-negatives. Threading through these layers of peptidoglycan are long anionic polymers, called teichoic acids. The composition and organization of these envelope layers and recent insights into the mechanisms of cell envelope assembly are discussed.