Fragmentation and multinational production
Fragmentation and multinational production
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DOI：
10.1016/s0014-2921(98)00106-8
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发表时间：
1999-04
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
A. Venables
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Venables
本文研究了中间产品运输成本下降的后果，并说明了这是如何导致生产的空间碎片化的。随着公司在各国之间进行生产分工，它们要么成为纵向跨国公司（如果上游活动是劳动密集型的），要么成为横向跨国公司（如果下游活动是劳动密集型的）。在前一种情况下，世界贸易量增加，在后一种情况下，世界贸易量福尔斯减少。分散化不一定缩小国际要素价格差异，这种差异取决于迁移活动的要素密集度。
This paper examines the consequences of falling transport costs for intermediate goods, and shows how this leads to the spatial fragmentation of production. As firms divide their production between countries they become either vertical multinationals (if upstream activities are labour intensive) or horizontal multinationals (if downstream activities are labour intensive). In the former case the volume of world trade increases, and in the latter it falls. Fragmentation need not narrow international factor price differences, which depend on the factor intensity of the activities that relocate.