Self-Reported Sensory Impairments and Changes in Cognitive Performance: A Longitudinal 6-Year Follow-Up Study of English Community-Dwelling Adults Aged >50 Years
Self-Reported Sensory Impairments and Changes in Cognitive Performance: A Longitudinal 6-Year Follow-Up Study of English Community-Dwelling Adults Aged >50 Years
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DOI：
10.1177/0898264318815391
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发表时间：
2020-06-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Carvalho, Livia A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Liljas, Ann E. M.;Walters, Kate;Carvalho, Livia A.
目的：前瞻性研究50岁以上成人单、双感觉障碍对认知功能的影响。方法：从2008年到2014年，对居住在社区的英国成年人（n = 4，621）进行了随访。2008年收集了自我报告的听力和视力。评估了2008年至2014年期间工作记忆和执行功能的认知表现变化。结果如下：分别与良好的听力和良好的视力相比，听力差和视力差与较差的认知功能相关（听力：未标准化系数B = 0.83，95%置信区间[CI] = [0.29，1.37];视力：B = 1.61，95% CI = [0.92，2.29]，经年龄、性别、基线认知调整）。与无感觉障碍相比，双重感觉障碍与认知能力较差相关（B = 2.30，95% CI = [1.21，3.39]，经年龄、性别、基线认知调整）。在进一步调整社会人口学特征、生活方式因素、慢性病、福尔斯、活动能力、抑郁和缺乏陪伴后，所有相关性仍然存在。讨论内容：这些发现很重要，因为与年龄相关的感觉障碍通常是可以预防或改变的，这可能会预防或延迟认知障碍。
Objective: To investigate the influence of single and dual sensory impairments prospectively on cognition in adults aged > 50 years. Method: Community-dwelling English adults (n = 4,621) were followed up from 2008 to 2014. Self-reported hearing and vision were collected in 2008. Change in cognitive performance on working memory and executive function between 2008 and 2014 was evaluated. Results: Compared with good hearing and good vision, respectively, poor hearing and poor vision were associated with worse cognitive function (hearing: unstandardized coefficient B = 0.83, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = [0.29, 1.37]; vision: B = 1.61, 95% CI = [0.92, 2.29] adjusted for age, sex, baseline cognition). Compared with no sensory impairment, dual sensory impairment was associated with worse cognition (B = 2.30, 95% CI = [1.21, 3.39] adjusted for age, sex, baseline cognition). All associations remained after further adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, chronic conditions, falls, mobility, depression, and lack of companionship. Discussion: The findings are important as age-related sensory impairments are often preventable or modifiable, which may prevent or delay cognitive impairment.