Reflections on the success of traditional fisheries management
Reflections on the success of traditional fisheries management
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/icesjms/fsu034
复制
发表时间：
2014-07-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Ovando, Daniel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hilborn, Ray;Ovando, Daniel
有人坚持认为，世界各地许多渔业继续过度捕捞，这证明目前的渔业管理办法正在失败，需要采取更加预防性的管理办法。我们审查了来自三个来源的现有鱼类种群状况估计数：粮农组织的"海洋资源状况"，一个关于科学种群评估的数据库，以及旨在确定未评估鱼类种群状况的统计模型的最新估计数。两个主要结果是：（一）经过科学评估的种群状况较好，实际上通常不是在下降，而是在重建;（二）大型种群的状况似乎比小型种群好。这些结果支持了这样一种观点，即得到管理的种群正在改善，而没有得到管理的种群则没有改善。在拥有积极渔业管理系统的管辖区，大型种群比小型种群受到更多的管理关注，大多数未评估种群根本没有得到管理。我们断言，目前实行的渔业管理能够（而且经常）导致可持续渔业，需要的是积极管理世界上未经评估的渔业。不一定需要更多的预防性管理来确保受管理渔业的可持续性。
The argument persists that the continued overexploitation by many fisheries around the world is evidence that current approaches to fisheries management are failing, and that more precautionary management approaches are needed. We review the available estimates of the status of fish stocks from three sources: the FAO's "State of Marine Resources", a database on scientific stock assessments, and recent estimates from statistical models designed to determine the status of unassessed fish stocks. The two key results are (i) that stocks that are scientifically assessed are in better shape and indeed are not typically declining but rebuilding, and (ii) that large stocks appear to be in better shape than small stocks. These results support the view that stocks that are managed are improving, while stocks that are not managed are not. Large stocks receive far more management attention than small stocks in jurisdictions that have active fisheries management systems, and most unassessed stocks are simply not managed. We assert that fisheries management as currently practised can (and often does) lead to sustainable fisheries, and what is needed is to actively manage the unassessed fisheries of the world. More precautionary management is not necessarily needed to ensure the sustainability of managed fisheries.