Proximate and ultimate causes of reproductive suppression among female yellow baboons at Mikumi National Park, Tanzania
Proximate and ultimate causes of reproductive suppression among female yellow baboons at Mikumi National Park, Tanzania
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DOI：
10.1002/ajp.1350160202
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发表时间：
1988
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
S. Wasser;Alison K. Starling
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Wasser;Alison K. Starling
坦桑尼亚Mikumi国家公园的一支小部队和两支大部队的53只性成熟雌性狒狒对攻击联盟进行了研究，即两个或更多的个体同时攻击另一种动物。在14个月的时间里，三名观察员全天记录了联盟行为，使用基于行为的焦点小组抽样。两个大部队的联盟率比小部队高得多，而且主要涉及出生时的女性而不是男性。无论是在部队内部还是部队之间，联军的频率都与生殖同步的衡量标准密切对应。参与攻击联盟行为取决于攻击者和接受者的生殖状态和级别。队列中最初几个分娩的女性在分娩前和分娩后立即受到了特别高的联盟攻击。接受攻击联盟与受孕周期的增加和较长的分娩间隔以及自然流产、早产和延长妊娠显著相关。在Mikumi，一项关于未成熟狒狒生存模式的平行研究为观察到的联盟模式的根本原因提供了证据。这些综合结果表明，攻击联盟行为是生殖竞争的一种形式，即雌性试图在可预测的竞争时间抑制他人的繁殖，从而减少自己的婴儿从断奶时面临的竞争。
Attack coalitions, whereby two or more individuals attack another animal simultaneously, were studied in 53 sexually mature female baboons from one small and two large troops at Mikumi National Park, Tanzania. For 14 months, three observers recorded coalition behavior throughout the day, using focal group sampling on a behavior‐dependent basis. Coalition rates were considerably greater in the two large troops than in the small troop, and primarily involved natal females rather than males. Coalition frequencies corresponded closely to measures of reproductive synchrony, both within and between troops. Involvement in attack coalition behavior depended on the reproductive states and ranks of both attackers and recipients. The first few females to give birth in the cohort received particularly high amounts of coalition aggression just before and immediately after giving birth. Receipt of attack coalitions was significantly associated with an increased number of cycles to conception and longer interbirth intervals, as well spontaneous abortion, premature birth, and prolonged gestation. A parallel study on survivorship patterns of immature baboons at Mikumi provided evidence for ultimate cause of the observed coalition patterns. These combined results suggest that attack coalition behavior is a form of reproductive competition whereby females attempt to suppress the reproduction of others at predictably competitive times and thereby reduce the competition their own infants face from the time they are weaned.