Comparison of Local Anesthetics as Bronchodilator Aerosols
Comparison of Local Anesthetics as Bronchodilator Aerosols
复制标题
局麻药与支气管扩张气雾剂的比较
DOI：
10.1097/00000542-198209001-00475
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发表时间：
1983
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
D. Leon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Downes;C. Hirshman;D. Leon
利多卡因气雾剂对防止非反射性刺激引起的气道收缩无效。为了确定使用更有效的酰胺型局麻药或其他化学类局麻药是否有任何优势，作者比较了利多卡因、布比卡因、己基卡因和普鲁卡因气雾剂预处理对巴比妥酸麻醉的basenhi - greyhound的保护作用，这些气雾剂随后用10%柠檬酸气雾剂长时间刺激（5分钟）。在柠檬酸刺激之前，局部麻醉剂以气溶胶（4%溶液）形式施用10分钟。在对照实验中，采用等渗生理盐水气溶胶而非局部麻醉剂进行预处理，柠檬酸激发气溶胶在激发后的前15分钟平均增加了3.3±0.8（±SE） cm H2O·l-1·s的肺阻力，并在此期间降低了三分之一的动态依从性。没有一种局部麻醉剂能阻止柠檬酸引起的肺力学变化。利多卡因、己基卡因、布比卡因和普鲁卡因预处理后，柠檬酸气雾剂引起的肺阻力（刺激后0 ~ 15 min）平均增加分别为2.1±0.6、2.1±0.6、3.2±1.3和3.3±1.0 cm H2O·l-1·s。作者得出结论，除了反射性支气管收缩外，局部麻醉气溶胶几乎没有或没有作用，并且没有一种测试比利多卡因更有效。
Lidocaine aerosols have been ineffective at preventing airway constriction provoked by non-reflex stimuli. To determine if there were any advantages to using more potent amide-type local anesthetics or local anesthetics from other chemical classes, the authors compared the protection afforded by pretreatment with aerosols of lidocaine, bupivacaine, hexylcaine, and procaine against a subsequent prolonged challenge (5 min) with 10% citric acid aerosols in barbiturate-anesthetized Basenji-Greyhound dogs. The local anesthetics were administered as aerosols (4% solutions) for 10 min immediately preceding the citric acid challenge. In control experiments, that employed pretreatment with aerosols of isotonic saline rather than local anesthetics, the citric acid challenge aerosol increased pulmonary resistance by an average of 3.3 ± 0.8 (±SE) cm H2O·l-1·s during the first 15-min postchallenge, and reduced dynamic compliance by one-third during this time. None of the local anesthetics prevented citric-acid-induced changes in pulmonary mechanics. The average increases in pulmonary resistance (0–15 min postchallenge) elicited by citric acid aerosols in dogs pretreated with lidocaine, hexylcaine, bupivacaine, and procaine were 2.1 ± 0.6, 2.1 ± 0.6, 3.2 ± 1.3, and 3.3 ± 1.0 cm H2O·l-1·s, respectively. The authors concluded that local anesthetic aerosols have little or no effect against other than reflex bronchoconstriction, and none of those tested were more effective than lidocaine.