Phthalic acid esters in the sea-surface microlayer, seawater and sediments of the East China Sea: Spatiotemporal variation and ecological risk assessment.
Phthalic acid esters in the sea-surface microlayer, seawater and sediments of the East China Sea: Spatiotemporal variation and ecological risk assessment.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113802
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发表时间：
2019-12
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Zeming Zhang;Guipeng Yang;Hong‐Hai Zhang;Xizhi Shi;Yawen Zou;Jing Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zeming Zhang;Guipeng Yang;Hong‐Hai Zhang;Xizhi Shi;Yawen Zou;Jing Zhang
研究了东海春、秋季海水和沉积物中邻苯二甲酸酯（PAEs）的时空分布、同系物特征及其生态风险。秋季水样中邻苯二甲酸酯的平均浓度为3.16 ± 2.16 μg L− 1，春季为1.63 ± 1.20 μg L− 1。沉积物中的邻苯二甲酸酯含量远高于海水中的邻苯二甲酸酯含量，平均值为7.36 ± 6.70 mg kg−1（dw）。春季表层微层（SML）中的PAEs浓度为3.61 ± 3.36 μg L−1，表明PAEs在SML中明显富集，平均富集因子为2.10。在16种邻苯二甲酸酯同系物中，邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DnBP）、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯（DiBP）和邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP）是沉积物和海水样品中的主要邻苯二甲酸酯。秋季的PAE浓度高于春季，这种差异主要是由陆源输入和海洋输运造成的。邻苯二甲酸酯的水平分布与盐度和温度呈相反的分布格局，这种格局可能受到淡水输入的影响。表层沃茨中邻苯二甲酸酯的垂直分布特征为高浓度，随深度增加浓度略有降低，接近海底浓度又有所增加。结果表明，水体中DEHP、DiBP和DnBP、DEHP和DEP对敏感生物的潜在风险依次为高（DEHP）、中（DiBP和DnBP）和低（DEHP和DEP）。对于沉积物相，DiBP和DnBP代表了敏感生物的高风险，而DEHP，DEP和DEHP只有低风险。
The spatial and temporal distribution, congener profiles and ecological risk of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) were investigated in the seawater and sediment samples from the East China Sea in spring and autumn. The average concentrations of ΣPAEs in water samples were 3.16 ± 2.16 μg L−1in autumn and 1.63 ± 1.20 μg L−1in spring. The ΣPAEs in sediment was much higher than that in seawater, with an average value of 7.36 ± 6.70 mg kg−1(dw). PAEs levels in the sea-surface microlayer (SML) in spring were 3.61 ± 3.36 μg L−1, indicating that the PAEs were noticeably concentrated in the SML, with an average enrichment factor of 2.10. Among the 16 PAE congeners, di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were the preponderant PAEs in both sediment and seawater samples. Additionally, PAE concentrations in autumn were higher than those in spring, and this difference resulted mainly from the terrigenous input and marine transportation. The horizontal distributions of PAEs showed an opposite distribution pattern to salinity and temperature, a pattern which might be influenced by the inputs of fresh water. The vertical distributions of ΣPAEs were characterized by high concentrations in the surface waters, with a slight decrease with depth, and then an increase close to the seabed. The results of ecological risk in the water-phase showed that the level of potential risk followed the order of DEHP > DiBP and DnBP > DMP and DEP, which posed a high (DEHP), medium (DiBP and DnBP) and low (DMP and DEP) risk to the sensitive organisms, respectively. For the sediment-phase, DiBP and DnBP represented a high risk to the sensitive organisms, whereas DMP, DEP and DEHP had only a low risk.