Prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors among adult patients on antiretroviral therapy follow-up care in Jimma Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia
Prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors among adult patients on antiretroviral therapy follow-up care in Jimma Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0229883
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发表时间：
2020-03-12
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Ergiba, Meskerem Seboka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Daka, Dawit Wolde;Ergiba, Meskerem Seboka
背景营养不良，尤其是营养不良是艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者的主要问题，可发生在任何年龄段。造成艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者营养不良的因素很多，需要立即查明并迅速采取行动。本研究的目的是评估埃塞俄比亚西南部吉马医疗中心HIV/AIDS患者的营养状况，并找出与营养不良相关的因素。数据收集自2010年6月至2016年1月在ART诊所登记的HIV/AIDS患者的临床记录。用双因素和多因素Logistic回归分析确定营养不良的独立预测因素。结果1062例患者的资料纳入研究。营养不良(BMI和lt；18.5 kg/m(2))和超重或肥胖的患病率分别为34%和9%。在营养不良患者中，重度营养不良患者(BMI和Lt；16 kg/m(2))占9%。营养不良多见于丧偶患者(AOR=1.7，95%CI，1.03~2.79)、无供水患者(AOR=1.69，95%CI，1.16~2.47)和WHO临床分期3例(AOR=2.0，95%CI，1.33~2.97)和4例(AOR=3.0，95%CI，1.74~5.07)。结论埃塞俄比亚吉马医学中心HIV/AIDS患者中营养不良和超重/肥胖均较常见，其中以卧床不起(AOR=3.6，95%CI，1.55~8.35)和非卧床不起(AOR=2.4，95%CI，1.66~3.51)为主。营养不良与患者的临床结局显著相关。因此，应加强营养评估、护理和支持。应对营养不良患者进行关键识别，并及时采取干预措施。
BackgroundMalnutrition especially undernutrition is the main problem that is seen over people living with HIV/AIDS and can occur at any age. Multiple factors contributed to undernutrition of HIV/AIDS patients and it need immediate identification and prompt action. The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional status of patients and identify factors associated with undernutrition among HIV/AIDS patients on follow-up care in Jimma medical center, Southwest Ethiopia.MethodsA cross-sectional study design was conducted from March-April 2016. Data were collected retrospectively from clinical records of HIV/AIDS patients enrolled for follow up care in ART clinic from June 2010 to January 2016. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to identify independent predictor of undernutrition.ResultsData of 1062 patients were included in the study. The prevalence of undernutrition (BMI< 18.5 kg/m(2)) and overweight or obesity were 34% and 9%, respectively. Out of undernourished patients, severely malnourished patients (BMI< 16 kg/m(2)) accounted of 9%. Undernutrition was more likely among widowed patients (AOR = 1.7, 95% CI, 1.03-2.79), patients with no access to water supply (AOR = 1.69, 95% CI, 1.16-2.47) and patients in the WHO clinical stage of three (AOR = 2.0, 95% CI, 1.33-2.97) and four (AOR = 3.0, 95% CI, 1.74-5.07). Moreover, the odds of undernutrition was more likely among patients with CD4 cell count of < 200 cells/mm 3 (AOR = 2.0, 95% CI, 1.38-2.47) and patients with a functional status of bedridden (AOR = 3.6, 95% CI, 1.55-8.35) and ambulatory (AOR = 2.4, 95% CI, 1.66-3.51), respectively.ConclusionBoth undernutrition and overweight or obesity were prevalent among HIV/AIDS patients in Jimma Medical Center, Ethiopia. Undernutrition was significantly associated with clinical outcome of patients. Hence, nutritional assessment, care and support should be strengthened. Critical identification of malnourished patients and prompt interventions should be undertaken.