A novel mode of induction of the humoral innate immune response in Drosophila larvae.
A novel mode of induction of the humoral innate immune response in Drosophila larvae.
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DOI：
10.1242/dmm.027102
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发表时间：
2017-03-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Kurata S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kenmoku H;Hori A;Kuraishi T;Kurata S
果蝇成体已被用作遗传上易处理的模型生物来破译体液先天免疫反应的分子机制。为了促进果蝇幼虫作为额外模型系统的实用性，在这项研究中，我们描述了这些幼虫先天免疫诱导机制的一个新颖方面。通过使用用于操纵半导体装置的细钨针，幼虫遭受了脓毒性损伤。然而，尽管 Toll 途径突变体容易受到革兰氏阳性菌的感染，正如果蝇成虫所显示的那样，但突变体中的微生物清除并未受到影响。此外，发现果蝇幼虫对机械刺激敏感，从而激活无菌体液反应。特别是，用镊子夹捏到可能对幼虫组织造成轻微损伤的程度，可以诱导抗真菌肽基因Drosomycin的表达；值得注意的是，这种诱导部分独立于 Toll 和免疫缺陷途径。因此，我们建议果蝇幼虫可能作为分析缺血、动脉粥样硬化和癌症等各种炎症性疾病背后的感染性和非感染性炎症的有用模型。编辑选择：果蝇幼虫代表了感染性炎症和无菌诱导的体液先天反应的有用模型，这与慢性炎症相关的疾病有关。
Drosophila adults have been utilized as a genetically tractable model organism to decipher the molecular mechanisms of humoral innate immune responses. In an effort to promote the utility of Drosophila larvae as an additional model system, in this study, we describe a novel aspect of an induction mechanism for innate immunity in these larvae. By using a fine tungsten needle created for manipulating semi-conductor devices, larvae were subjected to septic injury. However, although Toll pathway mutants were susceptible to infection with Gram-positive bacteria as had been shown for Drosophila adults, microbe clearance was not affected in the mutants. In addition, Drosophila larvae were found to be sensitive to mechanical stimuli with respect to the activation of a sterile humoral response. In particular, pinching with forceps to a degree that might cause minor damage to larval tissues could induce the expression of the antifungal peptide gene Drosomycin; notably, this induction was partially independent of the Toll and immune deficiency pathways. We therefore propose that Drosophila larvae might serve as a useful model to analyze the infectious and non-infectious inflammation that underlies various inflammatory diseases such as ischemia, atherosclerosis and cancer. Editors' choice: Drosophila larvae represent a useful model of infectious inflammation and sterilely induced humoral innate response, which are relevant for disorders associated with chronic inflammation.