Crying wolf: Repeat responses to hurricane evacuation orders
Crying wolf: Repeat responses to hurricane evacuation orders
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DOI：
10.1080/08920759809362356
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发表时间：
1998-10-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Cutter, SL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dow, K;Cutter, SL
本文研究了1996年飓风季节期间南卡罗来纳州两个社区希尔顿海德和默特尔海滩居民的疏散行为。两次飓风逼近南卡罗来纳州，但袭击了北卡罗来纳州，这使我们能够研究重复的“假警报”（根据飓风登陆的预期下令疏散，但事实证明是错误的）的影响。疏散行为的差异，具体的信息和问题，促使疏散，和信息源的可靠性之间的飓风事件进行检查，以确定假警报的影响，预警系统的可信度。数据来自1996年9月飓风弗兰后2周对居民进行的面对面调查。我们发现，官方咨询机构的作用比以前的研究报告更为有限，因为人们在决策中寻求更多不同方面的信息。在这两次飓风期间，对媒体和天气频道的依赖，特别是对风暴特征和预报的依赖，是疏散决策的一个重要因素。人们认为州长警告缺乏可靠性，加上对媒体的依赖，这表明居民发现其他信息来源与个人更相关。因此，当居民没有发现官员们在“喊狼来了”时，他们正在别处寻找信息来评估自己的风险如果有狼，对我来说意味着什么？这种对感知威胁的个体差异的日益关注可能会在未来的飓风疏散中变得更加明显。
This article examines the evacuation behavior of residents in two South Carolina communities, Hilton Head and Myrtle Beach, during the 1996 hurricane season. Two hurricanes that approached South Carolina but hit in North Carolina allowed us to study the impact of repeated "false alarms" (evacuations ordered based on expectations of a hurricane landfall that proved to be wrong). Differences in evacuation behavior, specific information and concerns prompting evacuation, and the reliability of information sources between hurricane events are examined to determine the impact of false alarms on the credibility of warning systems. Data were derived from a face-to-face survey of residents 2 weeks after Hurricane Fran in September 1996 We found that the role of official advisories was more limited than reported in previous research as people sought information on more diverse sets of concerns in their decision making. Reliance on the media and the Weather Channel in particular, for storm characteristics and advisories was an important factor in evacuation decision making during both hurricane events. The perceived lack of reliability of gubernatorial warnings coupled with dependence on the media suggests that residents find other sources of information more personally relevant. Thus, while residents do not find that officials are "crying wolf; " they are searching elsewhere for information to assess their own risk-what does it mean to me if there is a wolf? This increased attention toward individual differences in perceived threat may become more pronounced in future evacuations from hurricanes.