City of Words, Streets of Dreams: The Voyage of Ulysses
City of Words, Streets of Dreams: The Voyage of Ulysses
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文字之城，梦想街道：尤利西斯之旅
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-349-07044-2_5
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发表时间：
1979
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
C. MacCabe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. MacCabe
《尤利西斯》是一次意义之旅：一次穿越 1904 年所有英语话语的旅程。正如布鲁姆和斯蒂芬穿越都柏林一样，写作也穿越了英语这座文字之城。在这种对话语的关注中，所讨论的不仅仅是语言所代表的现实，而是通过语言表达的欲望。在对乔治·艾略特文本的分析中，表明了对最终元语言的诉求如何涉及在肯定主体和客体的充分存在的同时否认欲望的存在。有人建议，人们可以针对这些神经质文本的元语言进行阅读，阅读的过程因此转变为读者的一种主动操作，在这种操作中，读者的话语和文本的话语可以相遇，产生新的话语，其中主体的地位不再得到保证。在乔伊斯的文本中，这种破坏工作已经为读者完成了，在对语言物质性的关注中，我们既发现了固定现实的碎片，也发现了现实的可能性。欲望通过这种碎片‘说话’。但欲望是什么？欲望可以根据主体与语言的关系来定义（在拉康之后）。如果我们区分需要，可以通过一个对象来满足（因此饥饿可以通过食物来满足）和需求，这是针对另一个对象的（为了获得对象，我必须进入语言和主体间性的世界），那么104
Ulysses is a voyage through meaning: a voyage through all the discourses available in English in 1904. As Bloom and Stephen move through Dublin so the writing moves through the city of words that is English. And in this attention to discourses it is not simply the reality represented by language that is in question but the desire that speaks through language. In the analysis of George Eliot's texts it was indicated how the appeal to a final meta-language involved the denial of the existence of desire in the affirmation of a full presence for both subject and object. It was suggested that one could read against the metalanguage of these neurotic texts and that the process of reading was thus transformed into an active operation by the reader in which the reader's discourses and those of the text could meet to produce new discourses in which the subject's place was no longer assured.In Joyce's texts this work of disruption is already accomplished for the reader and, in the attention paid to the materiality of language, we find both the fragmentation of a fixed reality and the possibility of desire'speaking'through this fragmentation. But what is desire? Desire can be defined (after Lacan) in terms of the subject's relation to language. If we distinguish between need, which can be satisfied by an object (thus hunger is satisfied by food) and demand, which is addressed to another (in order to obtain the object I must enter into the world of language and inter-subjectivity) then 104