Analyzing soft tissue stiffness of human upper arms during physical dynamic and quasi‐static impacts in human-machine interaction
Analyzing soft tissue stiffness of human upper arms during physical dynamic and quasi‐static impacts in human-machine interaction
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分析人机交互中物理动态和准静态冲击时人体上臂的软组织刚度
DOI：
10.1002/hfm.20983
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yamada Yoji
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rajaei Nader;Fujikawa Tatsuo;Yamada Yoji
了解人机交互 (HMI) 中物理冲击过程中人体软组织刚度行为的变化对于开发人体假人等生物保真度测试设备至关重要。这些测试设备作为验证人机界面中机械与人体动态或静态接触过程中的安全性的有效手段而被广泛应用。在这项研究中，我们评估了在约束接触条件下动态（0.7 和 0.25米/秒）和准静态（QS）冲击下个体上臂软组织刚度的变化。本研究使用了三种冲击器形状（圆柱形、立方体和球形）。冲击实验是使用连接到摆锤上的冲击器进行的。使用超声设备确定软组织位移。冲击力-位移曲线说明了动态冲击和 QS 冲击下软组织刚度的非线性行为。利用“线性混合模型”统计分析发现，冲击速度的变化显着影响软组织刚度非线性行为的变化，而冲击器形状的变化对软组织刚度非线性行为的影响不显着。此外，我们发现软组织刚度的变化受到接触面积大小的影响。此外，我们还展示了不同冲击速度下软组织刚度的一系列变化，这为开发未来的 HMI 验证测试设备（例如假人皮肤的设计和评估）提供了有价值的信息。
Knowledge of the changes in the behavior of human soft tissue stiffness during physical impact in human–machine interaction (HMI) plays a vital role in the development of biofidelity testing devices such as a human dummy. These testing devices are widely applied as an effective means to validate the safety of machinery during dynamic or static contact with humans in HMI. In this study, we assess changes in soft tissue stiffness in the upper arm of individuals under both dynamic (0.7 and 0.25 m/s) and quasi‐static (QS) impacts under a constrained contact condition. Three impactor shapes (cylindrical, cubic, and spherical) are used in this study. Impact experiments are conducted using impactors attached to a pendulum. The soft‐tissue displacement is determined using an ultrasound device. The impact force‐displacement curves illustrate the nonlinear behavior of the soft tissue stiffness under both dynamic and QS impacts. By utilizing the“Linear Mixed Model”statistical analysis, we found that changes in the impact velocity significantly influenced the changes in the nonlinear behavior of soft tissue stiffness while there was no significant effect of the changes in the impactor shape on the nonlinear behavior of the soft tissue stiffness. Additionally, we revealed that the changes in the soft tissue stiffness are influenced by the size of the contact area. Moreover, we demonstrated a range of changes in soft tissue stiffness for different impact velocities, which provide valuable information for developing future validation test devices in HMI, such as the design and evaluation of dummy skin.