ROYAL ARMOURIES MS I.33: THE JUDICIAL COMBAT AND THE ART OF FENCING IN THIRTEENTH- AND FOURTEENTH-CENTURY GERMAN LITERATURE
ROYAL ARMOURIES MS I.33: THE JUDICIAL COMBAT AND THE ART OF FENCING IN THIRTEENTH- AND FOURTEENTH-CENTURY GERMAN LITERATURE
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皇家军械库 MS I.33：十三世纪和十四世纪德国文学中的司法斗争和击剑艺术
DOI：
10.1179/0078719112z.0000000003
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
0.2
通讯作者：
Rachel E. Kellett
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rachel E. Kellett
摘要现存最早的欧洲击剑手册，皇家军械库MS I.33（c。1270年至1300年），是一个不寻常的工作，描绘了一个剃度牧师教系统的剑和盾牌战斗的两个学生，其中第二个是一个女人名叫Walpurgis。该手册的目的尚未确定。本文首先考察了13和14世纪中高地德语文学文本中的击剑（“schirmen”）概念，包括《库德龙》和《特洛伊战争》，以及剑与盾的战斗和司法战斗之间的联系。它还调查了神职人员和妇女在何种程度上参与了中世纪法国、英国和德国的司法斗争实践，以及个别德国教堂、修道院和大教堂作为这一过程的组织者和法官的作用。本文借鉴了文学和历史材料，包括许多中世纪后期的德国击剑手册，以支持MS I.33被设计为一个文书击剑大师的教学手册，以协助提供培训，以被告面临的战斗审判的论点。
Abstract The earliest extant European fencing manual, Royal Armouries MS I.33 (c. 1270–1300), is an unusual work, portraying a tonsured priest teaching a system of sword-and-buckler combat to two students, the second of whom is a woman named Walpurgis. The purpose of the manual has not as yet been established. This article first considers depictions of fencing (‘schirmen’) in thirteenth- and fourteenth-century Middle High German literary texts including Kudrun and the Trojanerkrieg, and the links between sword-and-buckler combat and the judicial combat. It also investigates the degree to which clergy and women took part in the practice of the judicial combat in France, England and Germany during the Middle Ages, and the role of individual German churches, monasteries and cathedrals as organisers and judges of the process. The article draws on both literary and historical material, including the numerous later medieval German fencing manuals, to support the argument that MS I.33 was designed as a teaching manual for a clerical fencing master to assist in providing training to defendants facing trial by combat.