Programmed loss of millions of base pairs from a vertebrate genome
Programmed loss of millions of base pairs from a vertebrate genome
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0902358106
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发表时间：
2009-07-07
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Amemiya, Chris T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith, Jeramiah J.;Antonacci, Francesca;Amemiya, Chris T.
一般来说，严格保存大尺度结构被认为对于维持脊椎动物基因组的精确调节功能至关重要，尽管几乎所有脊椎动物物种在发育过程中都会经历少量程序化局部重排（例如，适应性免疫受体基因座的重塑）。然而，有限数量的后生动物物种经历更广泛的重组，这是其发育的正常特征。在这里，我们发现海七鳃鳗（Petromyzon marinus）是一种无颌脊椎动物，其基因组经历了戏剧性的重塑，导致在胚胎发育过程中从许多体细胞谱系中消除了数亿个碱基对（和至少一个转录位点）。这些研究揭示了七鳃鳗基因组的高度动态性质，并提供了明确的脊椎动物基因组大规模程序重排的第一个例子。了解这种脊椎动物调节其基因组如此广泛的重塑的机制将为了解促进脊椎动物基因组稳定性和变化的因素提供宝贵的见解。
In general, the strict preservation of broad-scale structure is thought to be critical for maintaining the precisely tuned functionality of vertebrate genomes, although nearly all vertebrate species undergo a small number of programmed local rearrangements during development (e. g., remodeling of adaptive immune receptor loci). However, a limited number of metazoan species undergo much more extensive reorganizations as a normal feature of their development. Here, we show that the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), a jawless vertebrate, undergoes a dramatic remodeling of its genome, resulting in the elimination of hundreds of millions of base pairs (and at least one transcribed locus) from many somatic cell lineages during embryonic development. These studies reveal the highly dynamic nature of the lamprey genome and provide the first example of broad-scale programmed rearrangement of a definitively vertebrate genome. Understanding the mechanisms by which this vertebrate species regulates such extensive remodeling of its genome will provide invaluable insight into factors that can promote stability and change in vertebrate genomes.