Physiological characteristics of Japanese red pine
Physiological characteristics of Japanese red pine
复制标题
日本红松的生理特性
DOI：
10.1007/s004680050222
复制
发表时间：
2000
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
H. Sakugawa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Kume;N. Tsuboi;T. Satomura;M. Suzuki;M. Chiwa;K. Nakane;N. Sakurai;T. Horikoshi;H. Sakugawa
日本赤松（Pinus densifloraSieb.）等Zucc。）在Mt. Gokurakuji（693 m a.s.l.），研究了日本西部广岛市以西30公里处的大气环流。研究了大气污染和酸沉降对油松生理特性的影响，特别是对针叶生理特性的影响。O3浓度与针叶生理状态无相关性，衰退区SO2浓度不高。NO2浓度与针叶寿命呈负相关，与1年生针叶乙烯释放量呈正相关。在非衰退区，针叶的平均寿命约为2.8年，而在污染最严重的地区，针叶的平均寿命为1.3年。1年生针叶夜间最小荧光（F0）随NO2浓度的增加而降低。衰退区的最大气孔导度（gl）、净光合速率（Pn）和胞间CO2浓度（Ci）分别比非衰退区低约50%、30%和20%。Ci值较低，说明Pn下降的主要原因是气孔限制。土壤pH值、N含量和C/N比在衰退区与非衰退区之间差异不显著。针叶的生理障碍是由于大气污染物的危害，NO2在其中起着重要作用。针叶树针叶寿命的缩短和针叶树胸径的降低是造成森林衰退区松树数量减少的主要原因。
The decline of Japanese red pine trees (Pinus densifloraSieb. et Zucc.) at Mt. Gokurakuji (693 m a.s.l.), 30 km west of Hiroshima city, west Japan, was studied. The effects of air pollution and acid deposition on the physiological characteristics of the trees, especially those of the needles, were investigated. Ozone concentration was not correlated with the physiological status of the needles and SO2concentration was not high in the declined area. NO2concentration correlated negatively with needle longevity while it correlated positively with ethylene emission from 1-year-old needles. Average needle longevity was about 2.8 years in non-declined areas; however the longevity was 1.3 years in the most polluted area. The minimal fluorescence at night (F0)of 1-year-old needles decreased with increasing NO2concentration. The maximum stomatal conductance (gl), net photosynthesis (Pn)and intercellular CO2concentration (Ci) in the declined areas were lower than in the non- declined areas (about 50%, 30% and 20% lower, respectively). The lowerCisuggested that the major part of the decrease inPncan be explained by stomatal restriction. The soil pH, N content and C/N ratio showed no significant difference between the declined and non-declined areas. The physiological disorders of needles were due to the damage by air pollutants, and important roles of NO2are suggested. Lowering ofPnand the shortening of needle longevity appear to be the main causes of the decline in pines in the forest decline area.