Rock uplift and exhumation of continental margins by the collision, accretion, and subduction of buoyant and topographically prominent oceanic crust
Rock uplift and exhumation of continental margins by the collision, accretion, and subduction of buoyant and topographically prominent oceanic crust
复制标题
浮力和地形突出的洋壳的碰撞、吸积和俯冲导致大陆边缘的岩石隆起和折返
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. Simpson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Spikings;G. Simpson
了解岩石和地表隆起的原因非常重要，因为它们控制造山体的位置、沉积中心和排水特征，并影响气候。在这里，我们将以前的热年代学数据与现场观测相结合，以确定在大洋高原和地震脊的碰撞、吸积和俯冲过程中，中美洲和南美洲俯冲带上部板块发生的折返、岩石和地表隆升量。具有浮力且地形突出的海洋高原和山脊的碰撞可以在 2 Ma 内推动至少 5 公里的岩石隆起。隆起似乎是对碰撞的直接反应，并且通常与板坯倾角无关。岩石隆起量主要受与山脊（最终与浮力有关）和侵蚀相关的过度地形控制，同时也受到俯冲界面强度的影响，该俯冲界面强度与俯冲通道中火山凹凸和超压沉积物的存在有关。折返的数量很大程度上取决于气候引起的侵蚀以及地形抬升和支撑的寿命。沉积物排入海沟可能会使升高的山脊轴沉积物匮乏，增加山脊俯冲界面处的剪切应力，导致山脊俯冲、岩石隆起和折返之间的正反馈。折返的海沟平行变化对与斑岩相关的金属矿床的勘探范式有直接影响，并且斑岩系统很可能因温带和热带气候内高原和地震山脊的撞击而被完全侵蚀。
Understanding the causes of rock and surface uplift is important because they control the location of mountain building, depocenters, and drainage characteristics and can influence climate. Here we combine previous thermochronological data with field observations to determine the amount of exhumation, rock, and surface uplift that occurs in the upper plate of Central and South American subduction zones during the collision, accretion, and subduction of oceanic plateaus and aseismic ridges. The collision of buoyant and topographically prominent oceanic plateaus and ridges can drive at least 5 km of rock uplift within 2 Ma. Uplift appears to be an immediate response to collision and is generally independent of the slab dip. The amount of rock uplift is controlled mainly by excess topography associated with the ridge (ultimately linked to buoyancy) and erosion, while it is also influenced by the strength of the subduction interface related to the presence of volcanic asperities and overpressured sediments in the subduction channel. The quantity of exhumation is strongly dependant on climate‐induced erosion and the lifespan over which the topography is uplifted and supported. Sediment draining into the trench may leave the elevated ridge axis sediment starved, increasing the shear stresses at the ridge subduction interface, leading to positive feedback between ridge subduction, rock uplift, and exhumation. Trench‐parallel variations in exhumation have a direct impact on exploration paradigms for porphyry‐related metalliferous deposits, and it is likely that porphyry systems are completely eroded by the impingement of plateaus and aseismic ridges within temperate and tropical climates.