Silicone wristband- and handwipe-based assessment of exposure to flame retardants for informal electronic-waste and end-of-life-vehicle recycling workers and their children in Vietnam
Silicone wristband- and handwipe-based assessment of exposure to flame retardants for informal electronic-waste and end-of-life-vehicle recycling workers and their children in Vietnam
复制标题
基于硅胶腕带和手巾的越南非正规电子废物和报废车辆回收工人及其子女的阻燃剂暴露评估
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158669
复制
发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Suzuki Go
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Matsukami Hidenori;Wannomai Tatiya;Uchida Natsuyo;Tue Nguyen Minh;Hoang Anh Quoc;Tuyen Le Huu;Viet Pham Hung;Takahashi Shin;Kunisue Tatsuya;Suzuki Go
测量个人对阻燃剂（FR）的接触对于评估和控制电子废物（电子废物）和报废车辆（ELV）回收过程中FR对人类健康造成的风险至关重要。在这里，我们研究了使用湿巾和硅胶腕带来测量越南电子废物和ELV回收工人及其子女的个人FR暴露。在电子废物回收工人的擦手纸上，检测到的五种主要阻燃剂是四溴双酚A（中位浓度：3700纳克/擦）、BDE-209（1700纳克/擦）、TPHP（500纳克/擦）、DBDPE（410纳克/擦）和BPA-BDPP（360纳克/擦）。在报废汽车回收工人的湿巾中，检测到TPHP（60纳克/擦拭）、IPPDPP（47纳克/擦拭）、BIPPPP/DIPPDPP（33纳克/擦拭）、BDE-209（26纳克/擦拭）和TCIPP（23纳克/擦拭）是五种主要的FR。在电子废物回收工人的腕带上，检测到的五种主要FR是TBBPA（中位浓度：340纳克/克）、BDE-209（330纳克/克）、DBDPE（65纳克/克）、TPHP（50纳克/克）和TMPP（34纳克/克）。在报废汽车回收工人的腕带上检测到TPHP（34 ng/g）、IPPDPP（18 ng/g）、TCIPP（14 ng/g）、TDMPP（13 ng/g）、BIPPPP/DIPPDPP（9.3 ng/g）和TMPP（9.3 ng/g）为主要的FR。用腕带获得的数据与用湿巾获得的数据相当。在工人和他们的孩子之间发现了类似的FR谱。这些资料表明，非正式的电子废物和报废汽车回收造成的FR暴露不仅对工人，而且对他们的孩子谁住在车间。通过使用手拭和腕带采样方法，我们确定了工人及其子女主要接触的FR类型和浓度。基于硅胶腕带和手擦的评估预计将成为衡量非正式电子废物和ELV回收工人及其子女个人FR暴露的有效手段。
Measuring personal exposure to flame retardants (FRs) is crucial for assessing and controlling human health risks posed by FRs during the recycling of electronic waste (e-waste) and end-of-life vehicles (ELVs). Here, we examined the use of handwipes and silicone wristbands to measure personal FR exposure for e-waste and ELV recycling workers and their children in Vietnam. On the handwipes from the e-waste recycling workers, the predominant five FRs detected were TBBPA (median concentration: 3700 ng/wipe), BDE-209 (1700 ng/wipe), TPHP (500 ng/wipe), DBDPE (410 ng/wipe), and BPA-BDPP (360 ng/wipe). On the handwipes from ELV recycling workers, TPHP (60 ng/wipe), IPPDPP (47 ng/wipe), BIPPPP/DIPPDPP (33 ng/wipe), BDE-209 (26 ng/wipe), and TCIPP (23 ng/wipe) were detected as the five predominant FRs. On the wristbands from the e-waste recycling workers, the five predominant FRs detected were TBBPA (median concentration: 340 ng/g), BDE-209 (330 ng/g), DBDPE (65 ng/g), TPHP (50 ng/g), and TMPP (34 ng/g). On the wristbands from the ELV recycling workers, TPHP (34 ng/g), IPPDPP (18 ng/g), TCIPP (14 ng/g), TDMPP (13 ng/g), BIPPPP/DIPPDPP (9.3 ng/g) and TMPP (9.3 ng/g) were detected as the predominant FRs. The data obtained with the wristbands were comparable to those obtained with the handwipes. Similar FR profiles were found in between the workers and their children. The profiles indicate that the informal e-waste and ELV recycling caused FR exposure not only for workers but also for their children who live in the workshops. By using the handwipe and wristband sampling approaches, we determined types and concentrations of FRs to which the workers and their children were dominantly exposed. Silicone wristband- and handwipe-based assessment is expected to be effective means of measuring personal FR exposure for the informal e-waste and ELV recycling workers and their children.