‘When Migrants Become Messengers’: Affective Borderwork and Aspiration Management in Senegal
‘When Migrants Become Messengers’: Affective Borderwork and Aspiration Management in Senegal
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“当移民成为信使”：塞内加尔的情感边界工作和愿望管理
作者：
I. Vammen
欧洲资助的旨在打击偷运移民和阻止非洲青年移徙的宣传和提高认识运动已成为欧洲边境工作日益重要的方面。为了把握非洲边境工作的影响，本文关注了如何在移民宣传活动中使用情感和情绪，以及当地社区如何应对。最近在塞内加尔的一个运动的人种学探索提供了一个特定的，欧洲驱动的情感边界工作的形式洞察。这种“愿望管理”（Carling and柯林斯，2018）旨在向潜在的塞内加尔移民灌输一种意识，即他们移民欧洲的希望既危险又徒劳。我认为，情感边境工作的工作在不同的水平比其他边境活动连接到法律的和物理移民控制。通过培养特定的情感和道德嵌入的地理，这些运动在人们的思想和身体中促进了一个内在的、自我调节的边界。这些运动是在人道主义关怀原则和边境管制努力的交叉点上精心策划的，在这些运动中，返回的移民成为关键的信使。
ABSTRACT European-funded information and awareness-raising campaigns aimed at fighting migrant smuggling and discouraging African youth from migrating have become increasingly important aspects of European borderwork. To grasp the effects of such borderwork in Africa, this article pays attention to how affect and emotions are used in migration awareness campaigns and how local communities respond. An ethnographic exploration of one recent campaign in Senegal offers insight into a particular, European-driven form of affective borderwork. Such ‘aspiration management’ (Carling and Collins 2018) works to instil a sense in would-be Senegalese migrants that their hopes of migration to Europe are both dangerous and futile. I argue that affective borderwork works at a different level than other border activities connected to legal and physical migration control. By cultivating particular emotions and morally-embedded geographies, these campaigns promote an inner, self-regulating border in the minds and bodies of people. In these campaigns, which are crafted at the intersection of humanitarian principles of care and border control efforts, return migrants become key messengers.