Organic farming in isolated landscapes does not benefit flower-visiting insects and pollination
Organic farming in isolated landscapes does not benefit flower-visiting insects and pollination
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2010.04.029
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发表时间：
2010-08-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Potts, Simon G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brittain, Claire;Bommarco, Riccardo;Potts, Simon G.
人们经常发现有机农业对生物多样性有好处，但好处取决于所考虑的物种和周围景观的特征。在意大利东北部的一个集约化农业地区，我们调查了在传统农业景观中，孤立的有机农场是否为昆虫传粉者和传粉服务提供了当地利益。我们量化了当地管理（即农场系统）、景观管理（周围未开垦土地的比例）的相对影响，以及它们之间的相互作用。我们比较了六个有机葡萄园和六个常规葡萄园。以200、500、1000和2000 m为半径计算每个站点周围荒地的比例。有机田与常规田在花卉资源和周围荒地比例上没有差异。收集了盆栽植物的传粉媒介丰度、物种丰富度、访花率和传粉情况。这些因素都没有受到耕作制度的显著影响。常规农田中盆栽植物的访问量受周围荒地比例的负向影响。常规田和有机田的坐果比例、单株种子重和种子重均受周围荒地比例的负向影响。在葡萄田中，周围景观的影响大于当地管理的影响。通过有机农业提高生物多样性不应该被认为是普遍存在的，因为潜在的好处可能会被作物类型、有机管理实践和周围景观的特定栖息地要求所抵消。(C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
Organic farming has often been found to provide benefits for biodiversity, but the benefits can depend on the species considered and characteristics of the surrounding landscape. In an intensively farmed area of Northeast Italy we investigated whether isolated organic farms, in a conventionally farmed landscape, provided local benefits for insect pollinators and pollination services. We quantified the relative effects of local management (i.e. the farm system), landscape management (proportion of surrounding uncultivated land) and interactions between them. We compared six organic and six conventional vine fields. The proportion of surrounding uncultivated land was calculated for each site at radii of 200, 500, 1000 and 2000 m. The organic fields did not differ from the conventional in their floral resources or proportion of surrounding uncultivated land. Data were collected on pollinator abundance and species richness, visitation rates to, and pollination of experimental potted plants. None of these factors were significantly affected by the farming system. The abundance of visits to the potted plants in the conventional fields tended to be negatively affected by the proportion of surrounding uncultivated land. The proportion fruit set, weight of seeds per plant and seed weight in conventional and organic fields were all negatively affected by the proportion of surrounding uncultivated land. In vine fields the impact of the surrounding landscape was stronger than the local management. Enhancement of biodiversity through organic farming should not be assumed to be ubiquitous, as potential benefits may be offset by the crop type, organic-management practices and the specific habitat requirements in the surrounding landscape. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.