Ultrafine particles in four European urban environments: Results from a new continuous long-term monitoring network
Ultrafine particles in four European urban environments: Results from a new continuous long-term monitoring network
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DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.04.010
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发表时间：
2016-07-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Roekens, E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hofman, J.;Staelens, J.;Roekens, E.
为了更好地了解城市环境中超细颗粒物（UFP）的时空变化，本研究报告了在阿姆斯特丹（NL），安特卫普（BE），莱斯特（UK）和伦敦（UK）建立的长期UFP监测网络的第一批结果。总数浓度和大小分布进行了评估，在1-2年期间在四个固定的城市背景站点，并辅以移动的拖车测量共址监测和其他短期监测站点。内部和城市间的时空UFP变化，与常见的监测污染物（PM，NOX和BC）和风场的影响的协会进行了评估。虽然四个城市之间观察到的粒径分布相当，但在特定的粒径类别内证明了与来源有关的差异。总的和尺寸分辨的颗粒数浓度显示出明确的交通相关的时间变化，确认道路交通作为城市环境中的主要UFP贡献者。在所有城市都观察到了新的粒子形成事件。与典型的交通相关的污染物（BC和NOX）的相关性得到了所有监测站，除了阿姆斯特丹，这可能是由于UFP排放从史基波尔机场。四个城市之间的颗粒物数量浓度的时间变化相关性相当弱（r（s）= 0.28-0.50，COD = 0.28-0.37），但在单个城市内部显著改善（r（s）= 0.59-0.77）。尽管如此，在颗粒物数量方面仍然存在相当大的差异（总颗粒物数量为20-38%，尺寸分辨颗粒物数量高达49%），证实了当地来源贡献的重要性，以及在异质城市环境中分配UFP监测站时需要仔细考虑。(C)2016爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有
To gain a better understanding on the spatiotemporal variation of ultrafine particles (UFPs) in urban environments, this study reports on the first results of a long-term UFP monitoring network, set up in Amsterdam (NL), Antwerp (BE), Leicester (UK) and London (UK). Total number concentrations and size distributions were assessed during 1-2 years at four fixed urban background sites, supplemented with mobile trailer measurements for co-location monitoring and additional short-term monitoring sites. Intra- and interurban spatiotemporal UFP variation, associations with commonly-monitored pollutants (PM, NOX and BC) and impacts of wind fields were evaluated. Although comparable size distributions were observed between the four cities, source-related differences were demonstrated within specific particle size classes. Total and size-resolved particle number concentrations showed clear traffic-related temporal variation, confirming road traffic as the major UFP contributor in urban environments. New particle formation events were observed in all cities. Correlations with typical traffic-related pollutants (BC and NOX) were obtained for all monitoring stations, except for Amsterdam, which might be attributable to UFP emissions from Schiphol airport. The temporal variation in particle number concentration correlated fairly weakly between the four cities (r(s) = 0.28-0.50, COD = 0.28-0.37), yet improved significantly inside individual cities (r(s) = 0.59-0.77). Nevertheless, considerable differences were still obtained in terms of particle numbers (20-38% for total particle numbers and up to 49% for size-resolved particle numbers), confirming the importance of local source contributions and the need for careful consideration when allocating UFP monitoring stations in heterogeneous urban environments. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.