Antidepressant-like effect of ethanol revealed in the forced swimming test in Sardinian alcohol-preferring rats
Antidepressant-like effect of ethanol revealed in the forced swimming test in Sardinian alcohol-preferring rats
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DOI：
10.1007/s002130050988
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发表时间：
1999-05-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Massi, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ciccocioppo, R;Panocka, I;Massi, M
理由：大量证据表明抑郁症和酗酒之间有很高的共病性。自我药物治疗假说提出，抑郁症患者可能滥用乙醇，因为它可以减轻抑郁症的症状。本研究评估了乙醇是否可能在遗传选择的酒精偏好大鼠（撒丁岛酒精偏好大鼠（sP）或马尔基吉安撒丁岛酒精偏好大鼠（msP））中发挥抗抑郁样作用，并在撒丁岛酒精不偏好大鼠（sNP）中进行比较。方法：采用强迫游泳试验（FST）评价乙醇的抗抑郁样作用；本试验测定了乙醇摄入对固定时间的影响。结果：与sNP大鼠相比，乙醇初始sP大鼠表现出更长的不动时间。在未接触乙醇的sP和msP大鼠中，自愿饮酒均减少了静止时间。在试验前24小时内，msP和sP重复（5或9次）灌胃0.7 g/kg乙醇，也获得了类似的效果，但sNP大鼠没有。地西帕明与乙醇一样，在试验前24小时给药3次，剂量为5或20 mg/kg，可显著降低msP大鼠的不动能力。乙醇在msP大鼠中引起的不动性降低显然不是一般运动激活的结果，因为9 IG乙醇（0.7 g/kg）在开阔场地试验中未能改变运动活动。IG乙醇处理后，msP、sP和sNP的血酒精水平和直肠温度无统计学差异。结论：本研究结果为乙醇在sP和msP大鼠中的抗抑郁作用提供了证据，并表明这种作用可能有助于维持它们的高酒精饮用。
Rationale: A large body of evidence indicates high comorbidity between depression and alcohol abuse. The self-medication hypothesis proposes that depressed subjects may abuse ethanol because it reduces the symptoms of depression. The present study evaluated whether ethanol may exert an antidepressant-like action in genetically selected alcohol-preferring rats, either Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) or Marchigian Sardinian alcohol-preferring (msP) rats, and for comparison in Sardinian alcohol-non-preferring (sNP) rats. Methods: The forced swimming test (FST) was used to evaluate the antidepressant-like action of ethanol; in this test the effect of ethanol ingestion on the immobility time was determined. Results: Ethanol-naive sP rats exhibited a longer period of immobility in comparison to sNP rats. Both in ethanol-naive sP and msP rats, voluntary ethanol drinking reduced the immobility time. A similar effect was obtained when repeated (five or nine) intragastric administrations of 0.7 g/kg ethanol were given during the 24 h prior to the test in msP and in sP, but not in sNP rats. Desipramine, like ethanol, sharply reduced immobility at doses of 5 or 20 mg/kg, given 3 times in the 24 h before the test in msP rats. The reduced immobility induced by ethanol in msP rats was apparently not the consequence of a general motor activation, because 9 IG administrations of ethanol, 0.7 g/kg, failed to alter locomotor activity in the open field test. Moreover, blood alcohol levels and rectal temperature of msP, sP and sNP after IG ethanol administration were not statistically different. Conclusions: The present results provide evidence for an antidepressant-like action of ethanol in sP and msP rats and suggest that this action may contribute to sustain their high ethanol drinking.