The neural dynamics of stimulus and response conflict processing as a function of response complexity and task demands.
The neural dynamics of stimulus and response conflict processing as a function of response complexity and task demands.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.01.035
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发表时间：
2016-04
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Woldorff MG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Donohue SE;Appelbaum LG;McKay CC;Woldorff MG
刺激和反应冲突都可以通过减慢反应时间和降低准确性来扰乱行为。虽然有几种神经激活与冲突处理有关，但目前还不清楚这些神经激活对刺激冲突的类型或反应冲突的数量有多具体。在这里，我们记录了脑电活动，同时操纵任务中刺激冲突的类型（空间[Flanker]与语义[Stroop]）和反应冲突的数量（两个与四个反应选择）。在行为上，反应慢，不一致的刺激，在所有的任务和反应类型，沿着随着整体放缓，更高的反应映射复杂性。最早的不一致性相关的神经效应是一个短时间的前端分布的负性在~200 ms，只存在于侧卫空间冲突任务。在较长的潜伏期，经典的额中央不一致性相关的负性'Ninc'观察到的所有条件下，这是更大的，约100毫秒的持续时间更长，更多的响应选项。此外，运动相关的偏侧准备电位（LRP）的发病时间较早的两个与四个反应集，表明较小的反应集，使更快的运动反应准备。晚期阳性复合物（LPC）是目前在所有条件下，除了两个响应Stroop任务，这表明这种晚期冲突相关的活动是不是特别相关的任务类型或响应映射的复杂性。重要的是，在不同的任务和条件下，LRP在冲突相关的Ninc或之前开始，表明运动准备是一个快速，自动的过程，在冲突检测过程开始后与之相互作用。总之，这些数据突出了不同的冲突相关过程如何并行运作，并取决于任务的认知需求和响应选项的数量。
Both stimulus and response conflict can disrupt behavior by slowing response times and decreasing accuracy. Although several neural activations have been associated with conflict processing, it is unclear how specific any of these are to the type of stimulus conflict or the amount of response conflict. Here, we recorded electrical brain activity, while manipulating the type of stimulus conflict in the task (spatial [Flanker] versus semantic [Stroop]) and the amount of response conflict (two versus four response choices). Behaviorally, responses were slower to incongruent versus congruent stimuli across all task and response types, along with overall slowing for higher response-mapping complexity. The earliest incongruency-related neural effect was a short-duration frontally-distributed negativity at ~200 ms that was only present in the Flanker spatial-conflict task. At longer latencies, the classic fronto-central incongruency-related negativity ‘Ninc’ was observed for all conditions, which was larger and ~100 ms longer in duration with more response options. Further, the onset of the motor-related lateralized readiness potential (LRP) was earlier for the two vs. four response sets, indicating that smaller response sets enabled faster motor-response preparation. The late positive complex (LPC) was present in all conditions except the two-response Stroop task, suggesting this late conflict-related activity is not specifically related to task type or response-mapping complexity. Importantly, across tasks and conditions, the LRP onset at or before the conflict-related Ninc, indicating that motor preparation is a rapid, automatic process that interacts with the conflict-detection processes after it has begun. Together, these data highlight how different conflict-related processes operate in parallel and depend on both the cognitive demands of the task and the number of response options.