Unwrapping myelination by microRNAs.
Unwrapping myelination by microRNAs.
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DOI：
10.1177/1073858410392382
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发表时间：
2012-02
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lu QR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
He X;Yu Y;Awatramani R;Lu QR
在中枢和外周神经系统中，分别由少突胶质细胞和雪旺细胞对轴突的髓鞘化对于正常的神经元功能是必不可少的，并且其失败导致毁灭性的脱髓鞘疾病。在发育过程中，少突胶质细胞和许旺细胞前体都经历了一系列时间上明确的分子和结构变化，最终导致增殖停止和高度复杂的髓鞘的形成。最近的研究已经证明了微小RNA（miRNAs）在少突胶质细胞和许旺细胞前体向髓鞘形成状态的进展中的关键作用-来自任一细胞类型的miRNAs的耗尽导致分化停滞和髓鞘形成缺乏。此外，这些研究已经开始阐明在髓鞘形成细胞分化过程中miRNA表达的动态调节和miRNA介导的基因调节的复杂性。在这篇综述中，作者强调了最近对miRNAs与中枢和外周髓鞘形成调控网络的功能联系的理解，以及miRNAs在脱髓鞘疾病中的作用的观点。
Myelination of axons by oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells in the central and peripheral nervous system, respectively, is essential for normal neuronal functions, and its failure results in devastating demyelinating diseases. During development, both oligodendrocyte and Schwann cell precursors undergo a temporally well-defined series of molecular and structural changes, ultimately culminating in the cessation of proliferation and the elaboration of a highly complex myelin sheath. Recent studies have demonstrated a critical role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the progression of oligodendrocyte and Schwann cell precursors to the myelinating state—depletion of miRNAs from either cell type results in an arrest in differentiation and lack of myelination. Furthermore, these studies have begun to elucidate the dynamic regulation of miRNA expression and the complexity of miRNA-mediated gene regulation during differentiation of myelinating cells. In this review, the authors highlight the recent understanding of functional links of miRNAs to regulatory networks for central and peripheral myelination, as well as perspectives on the role of miRNAs in demyelinating diseases.