Nordic biological specimen banks as basis for studies of cancer causes and control -: more than 2 million sample donors, 25 million person years and 100 000 prospective cancers
Nordic biological specimen banks as basis for studies of cancer causes and control -: more than 2 million sample donors, 25 million person years and 100 000 prospective cancers
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DOI：
10.1080/02841860701203545
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Dillner, Joakim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pukkala, Eero;Andersen, Aage;Dillner, Joakim
北欧国家拥有大规模生物银行和基于人口的全面健康数据登记册的悠久传统，这些登记册可通过独特的个人标识符进行链接，从而能够进行长达数十年的后续研究。北欧联合生物库研究为纵向分子流行病学研究提供了独特的机会。本文的目的是描述这种联合研究的可能性，通过描述北欧生物库的一些主要队列，并对这些队列中的癌症发病率进行标准化计算。自1966年以来，共有200万名捐赠者向芬兰、冰岛、挪威和瑞典的17个生物样本库捐赠了400多万份保存在-20摄氏度至-135摄氏度的生物样本。由于采用联合数据库处理原则，所有参与生物库的个人标识符的准确性和生命状态跟踪的完整性都得到了提高。之后，通过国家癌症登记处的随访确定了癌症发病率。基于人口随机样本的生物银行通常显示癌症发病率略低于一般人群，可能是由于有健康意识的受试者的参与率更高。另一方面，包括病毒筛选或临床试验样本在内的生物银行的癌症发病率增加了1.5 ~ 2.1倍。在取样后，这一过量量立即非常高，但对于一些癌症部位，在临床取样后数年仍保持高水平。迄今为止，在捐献样本后发生的恶性肿瘤已超过10万例，这些队列中每年增加的癌症病例约为1万例。对生物库的人口代表性的估计将有助于解释基于这些样本的未来研究结果的普遍性，而癌症病例数量的系统制表将用于研究能力的估计。本文总结了基于生物库的癌症研究的最佳研究设计。
The Nordic countries have a long tradition of large-scale biobanking and comprehensive, population-based health data registries linkable on unique personal identifiers, enabling follow-up studies spanning many decades. Joint Nordic biobank-based studies provide unique opportunities for longitudinal molecular epidemiological research. The purpose of the present paper is to describe the possibilities for such joint studies, by describing some of the major Nordic biobank cohorts with a standardised calculation of the cancer incidence in these cohorts. Altogether two million donors have since 1966 donated more than four million biological samples, stored at -20 degrees C to -135 degrees C, to 17 biobank cohorts in Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. As a result of joint database handling principles, the accuracy of personal identifiers and completeness of follow-up for vital status in all participating biobanks was improved. Thereafter, the cancer incidence was determined using follow-up through the national cancer registries. Biobanks based on random samples of population typically showed slightly lower cancer incidence rates than the general population, presumably due to better participation rates among health-conscious subjects. On the other hand, biobanks including samples for viral screening or clinical testing showed 1.5 to 2.1 fold increased incidence of cancer. This excess was very high immediately after sampling, but for some cancer sites remained elevated for years after clinical sampling. So far, more than 100 000 malignant neoplasms have occurred after sample donation, and the annual increase of the cancer cases in these cohorts is about 10 000. The estimates on the population-representativity of the biobanks will assist in interpretation of generalizability of results of future studies based on these samples, and the systematic tabulations of numbers of cancer cases will serve in study power estimations. The present paper summarizes optimal study designs of biobank-based studies of cancer.