Factors influencing numbers of Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium intracellulare, and other mycobacteria in drinking water distribution systems
Factors influencing numbers of Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium intracellulare, and other mycobacteria in drinking water distribution systems
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.67.3.1225-1231.2001
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发表时间：
2001-03-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
LeChevallier, MW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Falkinham, JO;Norton, CD;LeChevallier, MW
在 18 个月的时间内对 8 个配水系统（528 个水样本和 55 个生物膜样本）进行了采样，以测量处理前后和配水系统内的原水源水中分枝杆菌（特别是鸟分枝杆菌和胞内分枝杆菌）的恢复频率和数量。选择这些系统是为了评估水源、处理和可同化有机碳水平对分枝杆菌数量的影响。总体而言，系统中分枝杆菌的回收率较低（样本的 15%）。分枝杆菌数量范围为10～700,000 CFU l(-1)，原水中鸟分枝杆菌数量与浊度相关。水处理使原水中的分枝杆菌数量大幅减少了 2 至 4 个对数单位。分配系统样本中的分枝杆菌数量（平均 25,000 倍）远高于处理设施下游收集的样本，表明分枝杆菌在分配系统中生长。分枝杆菌数量的增加与可同化有机碳和可生物降解有机碳水平相关（r(2) = 0.65，P = 0.03），尽管很少从水样中回收胞内分枝杆菌，但经常从生物膜中大量回收（八个系统中的六个）（平均 600 CFU/cm(2)）。细胞内有明显区别。
Eight water distribution systems were sampled over an 18-month period (528 water and 55 biofilm samples) to measure the frequency of recovery and number of mycobacteria, particularly Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium intracellulare, in raw source waters before and after treatment and within the distribution system. The systems were chosen to assess the influence of source water, treatment, and assimilable organic carbon levels on mycobacterial numbers. Overall, mycobacterial recovery from the systems was low (15% of samples). Numbers of mycobacteria ranged from 10 to 700,000 CFU liter(-1), The number of M. avium in raw waters was correlated with turbidity. Water treatment substantially reduced the number of mycobacteria in raw waters by 2 to 4 log units. Mycobacterial numbers were substantially higher in the distribution system samples (average, 25,000-fold) than in those collected immediately downstream from the treatment facilities, indicating that mycobacteria grow in the distribution system. The increase in mycobacterial numbers was correlated with assimilable organic carbon and biodegradable organic carbon levels (r(2) = 0.65, P = 0.03), Although M. intracellulare was seldom recovered from water samples, it was frequently recovered (six of eight systems) in high numbers from biofilms (average, 600 CFU/cm(2)), Evidently, the ecological niches of M. avium and M. intracellulare are distinct.