Analysis of the structure and expression of the augmenter of liver regeneration (ALR) gene
Analysis of the structure and expression of the augmenter of liver regeneration (ALR) gene
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DOI：
10.1007/bf03402206
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发表时间：
1996-01-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Trucco, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giorda, R;Hagiya, M;Trucco, M
背景：编码肝营养因子肝再生增强因子（ALR）的基因最近在大鼠中被克隆。小鼠形式的ALR的可用性将允许分析该因子在肝脏和其他器官的生理学中的作用，而人类同源物的鉴定将允许将动物模型中产生的大量信息转移到临床导向的试点试验中，并最终将这些信息用于治疗应用。材料和方法：标准的分子生物学方法已被用于确定小鼠中ALR基因的基因组结构，并表征ALR转录物及其蛋白质产物。还分离了人ALR cDNA，并推导了人基因产物的氨基酸序列。结果：小鼠ALR基因的蛋白质编码区由3个外显子组成，第一个外显子包含5'端非翻译序列和ATG翻译起始密码子后的18个碱基，第二个外显子包含198个碱基，第三个外显子包含蛋白质编码序列的剩余部分。大鼠、小鼠和人ALR基因（和蛋白产物）被发现是高度保守的，并且优先在睾丸和肝脏中表达。ALR基因定位于小鼠17号染色体，与人类16号染色体同线，T/t区域也已定位。ALR似乎是一种具有重要生理特性的蛋白质，不仅限于肝再生，其作用涉及核和线粒体转录物的合成或稳定性。尤其是睾丸的生殖细胞。
Background: The gene encoding the hepatotrophic factor Augmenter of Liver Regeneration (ALR) has recently been cloned in the rat. The availability of the mouse form of ALR would allow the analysis of the role of this factor in the physiology of liver and other organs, while the identification of the human homolog would allow the transfer of the great wealth of information that has been generated in animal models to clinically oriented pilot trials, and eventually the therapeutic application of this information.Materials and Methods: Standard molecular biology approaches have been used to determine the genomic structure of the ALR gene in the mouse, and to characterize the ALR transcript and its protein product. The human ALR cDNA was also isolated and the amino acid sequence of the human gene product deduced. The mapping of mouse and human ALR genes on mouse and human chromosomes was then completed.Results: The protein coding portion of the mouse ALR gene is comprised of three exons, the first containing the 5' untranslated sequence and the initial 18 bases after the ATG translation initiation codon, the second exon encompasses 198 bases, and the third exon contains the remaining portion of the protein coding sequence. Rat, mouse, and human ALR genes (and protein products) were found to be highly conserved and preferentially expressed in the testis and in the liver. The ALR gene maps to the mouse chromosome 17, in a region syntenic with human chromosome 16, where the T/t region has also been mapped.Conclusions: ALR appears to be a protein with important physiologic properties, not exclusively limited to liver regeneration, with roles that are involved in the synthesis or stability of the nuclear and mitochondrial transcripts Chat are present in actively regenerating cells, particularly the germ cells of the testes.