Applying green chemistry to the photochemical route to artemisinin
Applying green chemistry to the photochemical route to artemisinin
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DOI：
10.1038/nchem.2261
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
21.8
通讯作者：
George, Michael W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Amara, Zacharias;Bellamy, Jessica F. B.;George, Michael W.
青蒿素是一种重要的抗疟疾药物，但目前其半合成生产的环境和经济成本较高。其中大部分成本存在于最终的化学步骤中，该步骤遵循复杂的酸和光催化路线，通过单线态氧和三线态氧进行氧化。我们证明，应用绿色化学的原理可以产生创新的策略，避免当前光化学过程中的许多问题。第一种策略结合使用液态二氧化碳作为溶剂和双功能固体酸/光催化剂。第二种策略是在有机溶剂的水溶液中进行常温反应，其中唯一的输入是二氢青蒿酸、O-2和光，输出是纯净的结晶青蒿素。其他所有东西--溶剂、光催化剂和含水酸--都可以回收利用。通过绿色化学开发的一些方面可能在光化学和其他反应中有更广泛的应用。
Artemisinin is an important antimalarial drug, but, at present, the environmental and economic costs of its semi-synthetic production are relatively high. Most of these costs lie in the final chemical steps, which follow a complex acid-and photocatalysed route with oxygenation by both singlet and triplet oxygen. We demonstrate that applying the principles of green chemistry can lead to innovative strategies that avoid many of the problems in current photochemical processes. The first strategy combines the use of liquid CO2 as solvent and a dual-function solid acid/photocatalyst. The second strategy is an ambient-temperature reaction in aqueous mixtures of organic solvents, where the only inputs are dihydroartemisinic acid, O-2 and light, and the output is pure, crystalline artemisinin. Everything else-solvents, photocatalyst and aqueous acid-can be recycled. Some aspects developed here through green chemistry are likely to have wider application in photochemistry and other reactions.