Biofilm hydrophobicity in environmental isolates of Bacillus subtilis
Biofilm hydrophobicity in environmental isolates of Bacillus subtilis
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DOI：
10.1101/2021.04.29.441976
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发表时间：
2021-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Margarita Kalamara;J. Abbott;C. MacPhee;N. Stanley‐Wall
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Margarita Kalamara;J. Abbott;C. MacPhee;N. Stanley‐Wall
生物膜是附着在表面并被细胞外基质包围的细菌群落。细胞外基质保护群落免受环境中的压力，使生物膜坚固。革兰氏阳性土壤细菌枯草芽孢杆菌，特别是分离物NCIB 3610，被广泛用作研究生物膜形成的模型。枯草芽孢杆菌NCIB 3610形成集落生物膜，结构复杂，高度疏水。在某种程度上，这种疏水性与生物膜表面的蛋白质BslA的定位有关，这使该群落对杀菌剂的抵抗力增强。由于我们对枯草芽孢杆菌生物膜形成的大部分知识来自于一个分离物，因此尚不清楚生物膜疏水性是否是该物种广泛分布的特征。为了解决这一知识缺口，我们整理了枯草芽孢杆菌土壤分离物库并获得了它们的全基因组序列。我们使用我们的新分离物来检测生物膜的疏水性，发现尽管我们收集的所有分离物都编码和产生BslA，但疏水性并不是枯草芽孢杆菌菌落生物膜的普遍特征。为了测试基质外聚合物聚γ-谷氨酸是否可以掩盖亲水性分离株的疏水性，我们构建了缺失突变体，发现与我们的假设相反，聚γ-谷氨酸的存在并不是观察到亲水性的原因。这项研究强调了由不同分离株形成的生物膜性质的自然变化，以及使用更多样化的分离株作为物种代表的重要性。原始序列读取和带注释的片段已提交给欧洲核苷酸档案馆，登录号为PRJEB43128。
Biofilms are communities of bacteria that are attached to a surface and surrounded by an extracellular matrix. The extracellular matrix protects the community from stressors in the environment, making biofilms robust. The Gram-positive soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis, particularly the isolate NCIB 3610, is widely used as a model for studying biofilm formation. B. subtilis NCIB 3610 forms colony biofilms that are architecturally complex and highly hydrophobic. The hydrophobicity is linked, in part, to the localisation of the protein BslA at the surface of the biofilm, which provides the community with increased resistance to biocides. As most of our knowledge about B. subtilis biofilm formation comes from one isolate, it is unclear if biofilm hydrophobicity is a widely distributed feature of the species. To address this knowledge gap, we collated a library of B. subtilis soil isolates and acquired their whole genome sequences. We used our new isolates to examine biofilm hydrophobicity and found that, although BslA is encoded and produced by all isolates in our collection, hydrophobicity is not a universal feature of B. subtilis colony biofilms. To test whether the matrix exopolymer poly γ-glutamic acid could be masking hydrophobicity in our hydrophilic isolates, we constructed deletion mutants and found, contrary to our hypothesis, that the presence of poly γ-glutamic acid was not the reason behind the observed hydrophilicity. This study highlights the natural variation in the properties of biofilms formed by different isolates and the importance of using a more diverse range of isolates as representatives of a species. Repositories Raw sequence reads and annotated assemblies have been submitted to the European Nucleotide Archive under accession PRJEB43128.