Zero blood alcohol concentration limits for drivers under 21: lessons from Canada
Zero blood alcohol concentration limits for drivers under 21: lessons from Canada
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DOI：
10.1136/ip.2007.017095
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发表时间：
2008-04-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Solomon, R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chamberlain, E.;Solomon, R.
包括零或低血液酒精浓度（BAC）限制的毕业许可计划（GLP）已被证明是改善年轻人交通安全的一种流行和有效的措施。然而，这些计划的一个主要缺点，至少在加拿大，是BAC限制在GLP完成后被取消，这通常发生在18或19岁左右。这与加拿大的法律的饮酒年龄相对应，在这个年龄段，酒精消费量和酗酒率都会增加。因此，18 - 20岁的司机在与酒精有关的死亡和受伤中所占比例过高也就不足为奇了。解决这一问题的一个办法是提高法律的饮酒年龄，就像在美国发生的那样。在加拿大等不太可能提高法律的饮酒年龄的司法管辖区，有必要采取其他措施，将18 - 20岁的人的饮酒与驾驶分开。本文建议，零BAC限制应延长到GLP完成之后，直到驾驶员年满21岁。这种措施的科学证据进行审查，并在加拿大制定这样的BAC限制越来越多的政府支持。
Graduated licensing programs (GLPs) that include zero or low blood alcohol concentration (BAC) restrictions have proven to be a popular and effective measure for improving traffic safety among young people. However, a major drawback of such programs, at least in Canada, is that the BAC restriction is lifted on completion of the GLP, which typically occurs around the age of 18 or 19. This corresponds to the legal drinking age in Canada, a time when alcohol consumption and rates of binge drinking increase. It is not surprising, then, that 18 - 20 year-old drivers are dramatically overrepresented in alcohol-related deaths and injuries. One way to address this problem is to raise the legal drinking age, as has occurred in the United States. In jurisdictions, like Canada, that are unlikely to raise the legal drinking age, other measures are necessary to separate drinking from driving among 18 - 20 year-olds. This article recommends that the zero BAC restrictions be extended beyond the completion of the GLP, until drivers reach the age of 21. The scientific evidence for such a measure is reviewed, and the growing government support for enacting such BAC limits in Canada is described.